impact of jet
IMPACT OF a jet
ABSTRACT
The objective of this experiment is to determine the force exerted by a jet of water on vanes of various shape.Three different shape of vanes;flat plate,conical cup,and hemispherical cup are used for this experiment.The results obtain from the experiment are then used to compare with the theoretical results.Force generated on the surface of vane depends on the rate of change of momentum and it can be calculated by recording the time taken for water to reach a certain height and also the displacement of a jockey weight above apparatus.As a conclusion,the angle of the jet on the vane is directly proportional to the force produced.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The aim of this experiment is to determine the force generated by the impact of the water jets on different shapes of vanes, which would be flat surface , conical cup and hemisphere cup and also how does the force related to the momentum flow rate in the jet. We will measure the velocity changed during hitting the vanes of various shapes and the force generated will be compared with the momentum changed.
Water turbine is a water-based power generating system operate by converting the impact of water jet into torque power of turbine to generate electrical power. One or more water jets, normally under pressure , are directed tangentially to the buckets or the vanes of a turbine that are fixed on the rim of the turbine disc. The impact of the water jets on the buckets or vanes generate torque to the turbine runner and cause the runner to rotate. In another words , the momentum of the water jets are converted to torque power to rotate the turbine. The Newton’s second law describe the transfer of energy from water jets to turbines. This simple concept have amazingly high efficiency of greater than 90% on energy output .
In this experiment, the force generated by a jet of water as it strikes a flat plate, conical plate, and hemispherical cup may be measured and compared with the
ABSTRACT
The objective of this experiment is to determine the force exerted by a jet of water on vanes of various shape.Three different shape of vanes;flat plate,conical cup,and hemispherical cup are used for this experiment.The results obtain from the experiment are then used to compare with the theoretical results.Force generated on the surface of vane depends on the rate of change of momentum and it can be calculated by recording the time taken for water to reach a certain height and also the displacement of a jockey weight above apparatus.As a conclusion,the angle of the jet on the vane is directly proportional to the force produced.
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The aim of this experiment is to determine the force generated by the impact of the water jets on different shapes of vanes, which would be flat surface , conical cup and hemisphere cup and also how does the force related to the momentum flow rate in the jet. We will measure the velocity changed during hitting the vanes of various shapes and the force generated will be compared with the momentum changed.
Water turbine is a water-based power generating system operate by converting the impact of water jet into torque power of turbine to generate electrical power. One or more water jets, normally under pressure , are directed tangentially to the buckets or the vanes of a turbine that are fixed on the rim of the turbine disc. The impact of the water jets on the buckets or vanes generate torque to the turbine runner and cause the runner to rotate. In another words , the momentum of the water jets are converted to torque power to rotate the turbine. The Newton’s second law describe the transfer of energy from water jets to turbines. This simple concept have amazingly high efficiency of greater than 90% on energy output .
In this experiment, the force generated by a jet of water as it strikes a flat plate, conical plate, and hemispherical cup may be measured and compared with the
References: 1. Massey, B.S. (1989). Mechanics of Fluids. 6th Ed, Chapman & Hall. 2. White F.M. (1994). Fluid Mechanics. 3rd Ed., McGraw-Hill.