Arab-Islamic Culture and Civilization
Assess the significance and status of the Qur’an and Hadith in the Islamic tradition.
What is Islam? How important is the Qur’an and Hadith? How did it inspire learning among people after the revelations?
Islam
The word Islam has been derived from the Arabic verb Aslama, which means “to accept or surrender.” Thus Islam means the acceptance of God or surrender to the will of one God, Allah. It is based on the concept of Tawhid or monotheism declaring that “There is no god but Allah and Muhammad is His prophet.” The four main rituals compulsory on the faithful Muslims are offering salah five times a day, fasting in the month of Ramadan, performing the pilgrimage to Mecca at least once in a lifetime, paying the Zakat, and believing in the notion of shahadah came to be known as the five pillars of Islam. Alongwith following these rituals, a Muslim is also expected to read the Qur’an everyday and follow it (Islam, 2010).
What is Qur’an?
The Quran is written in a beautiful writing style that continues to be wondered over by the experts of the Arabic language. But it is not just Arabic literature par excellence. It consists of scientific details that fascinate scientists of all fields. But it is not a book of science. It also mentions people and places of the past and with vivid details. But it is not just a book of history. So then what is Qur’an? The Qur’an is a revelation (wahy) from the Creator of this world to all human beings.
Almost 1400 years ago, a man named Muhammad, the trustworthy, received the Word of God and such was the power of this Word that he felt as though his ribs were crushed in the Angel Gabriel’s embrace. The command “Read!” shook him and he felt his inability and responded, “But I cannot.” Gabriel repeated the command of His Lord:
“Read!” In the name of Your Sustainer Who creates, creates man from a clot:
“Read!” And your Sustainer is the Most Generous,
He Who teaches by the use of the