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Topic: It’s all in mind: Placebo Theory
Objective: To inform readers what is Placebo and its effect on the person.
Outline:
I. Introduction II. Definitions, effects, and ethics III. History IV. Mechanism of the effect a. Expectancy and conditioning b. Placebo effect and the brain c. Brain and body d. Evolved health regulation V. Clinical utility a. Duration b. Clinical significance c. Negative effects d. Doctor-patient relationship VI. The individual a. Who is affected b. Individual differences c. Genes VII. Symptoms and conditions a. Pain b. Depression c. Gastric and duodenal ulcers d. Chronic fatigue syndrome
VIII. Effects on research a. Placebo-controlled studies b. Nocebo c. Placebo ingredients IX. Research Citation: (Bibliographical Citation) X. External links
I. Introduction A placebo is a simulated or otherwise medically ineffectual treatment for a disease or other medical condition intended to deceive the recipient. Sometimes patients given a placebo treatment will have a perceived or actual improvement in a medical condition, a phenomenon commonly called the placebo effect. In medical research, placebos are given as control treatments and depend on the use of measured deception. Common placebos include inert tablets, sham surgery, and other procedures based on false information. However, placebos can also have a surprisingly positive effect on a patient who knows that the given treatment is without any active drug, as compared with a control group who knowingly did not get a placebo. In one common placebo procedure, however, a patient is given an inert pill, told that it may improve his/her condition, but not told that it is in fact inert. Such an intervention may cause the patient to believe the treatment will change his/her condition;
Objective: To inform readers what is Placebo and its effect on the person.
Outline:
I. Introduction II. Definitions, effects, and ethics III. History IV. Mechanism of the effect a. Expectancy and conditioning b. Placebo effect and the brain c. Brain and body d. Evolved health regulation V. Clinical utility a. Duration b. Clinical significance c. Negative effects d. Doctor-patient relationship VI. The individual a. Who is affected b. Individual differences c. Genes VII. Symptoms and conditions a. Pain b. Depression c. Gastric and duodenal ulcers d. Chronic fatigue syndrome
VIII. Effects on research a. Placebo-controlled studies b. Nocebo c. Placebo ingredients IX. Research Citation: (Bibliographical Citation) X. External links
I. Introduction A placebo is a simulated or otherwise medically ineffectual treatment for a disease or other medical condition intended to deceive the recipient. Sometimes patients given a placebo treatment will have a perceived or actual improvement in a medical condition, a phenomenon commonly called the placebo effect. In medical research, placebos are given as control treatments and depend on the use of measured deception. Common placebos include inert tablets, sham surgery, and other procedures based on false information. However, placebos can also have a surprisingly positive effect on a patient who knows that the given treatment is without any active drug, as compared with a control group who knowingly did not get a placebo. In one common placebo procedure, however, a patient is given an inert pill, told that it may improve his/her condition, but not told that it is in fact inert. Such an intervention may cause the patient to believe the treatment will change his/her condition;