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In Vitro Regeneration of Pakistani Peanut (Arachis Hypogea L.) Varieties Using de-Embryonated Coteledonary Explants

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In Vitro Regeneration of Pakistani Peanut (Arachis Hypogea L.) Varieties Using de-Embryonated Coteledonary Explants
African Journal of Biotechnology Vol. 10(43), pp. 8599-8604, 10 August, 2011 Available online at http://www.academicjournals.org/AJB DOI: 10.5897/AJB11.381 ISSN 1684–5315 © 2011 Academic Journals

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In vitro regeneration of Pakistani peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) varieties using de-embryonated coteledonary explants
Farhat Nazir1, Mahmood-ul-Hassan2, Zahid Akram2, Muhammad Matloob Javed2, Shoukat Ali1, Ghulam Muhammad Ali1 and Yusuf Zafar1*
1

National Institute of Genomics and Advanced Biotechnology, NARC, Islamabad, Pakistan. 2 Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
Accepted 20 May, 2011

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) belongs to the family leguminosae and is one of the world’s largest oilseed crops. This study is the first report on peanut regeneration from Pakistan using four commercially released peanut varieties, that is, Golden, BARI-2000, BARD-479 and BARD-92. Longitudinally, halved cotyledons with removed embryos were employed as explants. Among various tested combinations of BAP and NAA, the best combination was 4 and 0.1 mg/L respectively. BARI-2000 proved to be the best responsive variety for in vitro regeneration in terms of number of shoots/explant (133.3%) and number of rooted plants/explant (124.99%). The optimized protocol, which is the first one in the country, would be used to incorporate important traits in future breeding programmes of peanut in Pakistan. Key words: Arachis hypogea, de-embryonated cotyledons, BAP, NAA, in vitro regeneration, Pakistan. INTRODUCTION The oil seed crop Arachis hypogea L. (groundnut/peanut) belongs to family the leguminosae and sub family Papillionacea. The seed containing 50% oil and 25 to 30% proteins can be used as meal for food and feed (Ahmad and Rahim, 2007). In Pakistan, about 85% of total groundnut is grown in Potowar tract of Punjab, 13% in NWFP and 2% in Sindh (Government of Pakistian, 2008). Weeds are one of the major problems causing reduction


References: Ahmad N, Rahim M (2007). Evaluation of promising groundnut Arachis hypogaea L. varieties for yield and other characters. J. Agric. Res., 45(3): 185-189. Anderson WP (1983). Weed Science Principles. 2nd edition, West Pub. Co. St. Paul. Minn, USA., pp. 33-42. Gamborg OL, Miller RA, Ojima K (1968). Nutrient requirements of suspension cultures of soybean root cells. Exp. Cell Res., 50: 151158. Gill BS, Samra JS, Brar HS, SP Mehra (1986). Studies on the critical period of weed competition in groundnut. J. Res. Punjab Agric. Univ. India, 23: 394-397. Government of Pakistan (2008). http://www.pakistan.gov.pk/divisions/food-division/media/ Statistical Tables2008/Table-30. Little LI, Magbanua ZV, Parrott WA (2000). A protocol for repetitive somatic embryogenesis from mature peanut epicotyls. Plant Cell Rep., 19: 351-357. McKently AH, Moore GA, Doostdar H, Niedz RP (1995). Agrobacteriummediated transformation of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) embryo axes and the development of transgenic plants. Plant Cell Rep., 14: 699-703. Murashige T, Skoog F (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissue cultures. Physiol. Plant, 15(3): 473497. Radhakrishnan T, Murthy TGK, Chandran K, Bandyopadhyay A (2001). Somatic embryogenesis in Arachis hypogaea: revisited. Aust. J. Bot., 49: 753–759. Reddy PS (1984). Groundnut in India present status and strategy. Proc. Meeting of Asian Reg. Res. on grain legumes ICRISAT., pp. 32-35. Swathi TA, Jami SK, Dalta RS, Kirti PB (2006). Genetic transformation of peanut (Arachis hypogea L.) using cotyledonary node as explant and a promoterless gus::nptII fusion gene based vector. J. Biosci., 31(2): 235-246. Tiwari S, Rakesh T (2009). Multiple shoot regeneration in seed-derived immature leaflet explants of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). Sci. Hortic., 121: 223-227. Tiwari S, Rakesh T (2008). Factors promoting efficient in vitro regeneration from de-embryonated cotyledon explants of Arachis hypogaea L. Plant Cell Tissue Organ. Cult., 92: 15-24. Venkatachalam P, Geetha N, Abha K, Shaila MS, Sita GL (2000). Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation and regeneration of transgenic plants from cotyledon explants of groundnut via somatic embryogenesis. Curr. Sci., 78: 1130-1136.
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