Managers in business make decisions that affect profitability of business. For the decision to be effective and successful, it is important for organisation to plan and coordinate the decision. (CIMA official terminology, 2005) defines budget as an expression of a plan that is quantitative and can be defined over a period of time. Traditional budgeting as offered a lot of contributions in many years. Research shows that it seems it is more unsuitable for the modern business. The objective of this essay is to explain what budgeting is, the purpose of budgeting, types of budgeting, definition of annual budgeting, its advantages and disadvantages, definition of rolling budgets and it advantages and disadvantages.
Budgeting serves a number of useful purposes. These include:
➢ Forecasting ➢ Planning ➢ Communication ➢ Coordination ➢ Authorisation ➢ Motivation ➢ Performance evaluation
The generally purpose of budgeting is to estimate and predict the future financial performances.
There are different types of budgeting, which are incremental budgeting, zero based budgeting; priority based budgeting and rolling budgeting. The format of preparing budgeting may be similar but each of the basic approaches has relative advantages and disadvantages.
Incremental budgeting is also known as traditional or annual budgeting. It’s a method of budgeting based on the past and actual results, for example adjusting for known changes and inflation (CIMA official terminology, 2005). It is also used as a base for preparing budgets with additional amounts added to the current budgetary periods. The idea of incremental budgeting is that it is easy to understand thus it is easy to operate.
Incremental budgeting has several advantages. It is simple and easy to prepare. The method is consistent with the line of authority and responsibility in the organisational unit
Bibliography: Chartered Institute of Management Accounting (2005) official terminology. Oxford Docshare (2009) The strengths and weaknesses of traditional budgeting. Available at: http://www.docshare.com/doc/172509/The-strengths-and-weaknesses-of-the-tradition [Accessed: 1th march 2011] Drury, C. (2009) Management accounting for business. 4th edn. Cengage learning. Drury, C. (2008) Management & cost accounting. 7th edn. Cengage learning. Groves, N. & Genever, A. (2010) “budgeting after the crunch”, ACCA Accounting and business pp 40-42. [Online] Available at: http://www.studynet1.herts.ac.uk/crs/10/5BUS01960111.nsf/Module+Information/A8552A6AD761B70B8025782A00359CBD/$FILE/ACCA%20AB%2005%202010%20pp%2040-42%20Budgeting%20after%20the%20crunch.pdf [Accessed: 1st March 2011] Hope, J. & Fraser, R. (2003) how managers can break free from the annual performance trap. Harvard business school. Jarman, N. And Bibekar, S. (2009) “New era budgeting”, ACCA Accounting and Business pp 46-47. [Online] Available at: http://www.studynet1.herts.ac.uk/crs/10/5BUS01960111.nsf/Module+Information/9FE707DADE09FBEE8025782A0035AA51/$FILE/ACCA%20AB%2007%202009%20pp46-47%20New%20Era%20Budgeting.pdf [Accessed: 1st March 2011] Smart, C.J. (2004) Higher education of theory and research. California: kluwer academic publisher. Stokdyk, J (2007) Traditional budgeting under the microscope. Available at: http://www.accountingweb.co.uk/item/163895 [Accessed: 1th march 2011]