Preview

Indian Lit. in English - Untouchable

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
3397 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Indian Lit. in English - Untouchable
Indian lit. in english paper
The Untouchable by Mulk Raj Anand
Mulk Raj Anand, one of the most highly regarded Indian novelists writing in English, was born in Peshawar in 1905. He was educated at the universities of Lahore, London and Cambridge, and lived in England for many years, finally settling in a village in Western India after the war. His main concern has always been for "the creatures in the lower depths of Indian society who once were men and women: the rejected, who has no way to articulate their anguish against the oppressors '. His novels works have been translated into several world languages.
Untouchable (1935)
Coolie (1936)
Two Leaves and a Bud (1937)
The Village (1939)
Across the Black Waters (1940)
The Sword and the Sickle (1942)
Private Life of an Indian Prince (1953)

The Indelible Problem: Mulk Raj Anand and the Plight of Untouchability
Andrew M. Stracuzzi The University of Western Ontario
Mulk Raj Anand, speaking about the real test of the novelist, once said:
It may lie in the transformation of words into prophesy. Because, what is writer if he is not the fiery voice of the people, who, through his own torments, urges and exaltations, by realizing the pains, frustrations and aspirations of others, and by cultivating his incipient powers of expression, transmutes in art all feeling, all thought, all experience - thus becoming the seer of a new vision in any given situation. (qtd. in Dhawn, 14)
There is no question that Mulk Raj Anand has fashioned with Untouchable a novel that articulates the abuses of an exploited class through sheer sympathy in the traditionalist manner of the realist novel He is, indeed, the "fiery voice" of those people who form the Untouchable caste. Yet if the goal of the writer, as Anand himself states, is to transform "words into prophecy," then the reader 's struggle for meaning in the closing scenes of the novel become problematic and contestatory. It is reasonable to assume -- and as I would argue,



Cited: Anand, Mulk Raj. Untouchable. London: Penguin, 1940. Dhawan, R.K., ed. The Novels of Mulk Raj Anand. New York: Prestige, 1992. ---. Saros Cowasjee. "Anand 's Literary Creed." 13-18. ---. R.T. Roberston. "Untouchable as an Archetypal Novel." 98-104. Narasimhaiah, C.D. The Swan and the Eagle. Delhi: Motilal, 1987. Walsh, William. Indian Literature in English. London: Longman, 1990.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Often, scholars approach their writing from the point of view of the colonizer. This lens is based in Eurocentric views dating back to the sixteenth century. In The White Man’s Indian, Robert F. Berkhoffer describes the contrasting category of the Indian as a “noble savage” that emerged early on and remained…

    • 534 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    In Aldous Huxley’s novel Brave New World there is a widely apparent stark contrast between the Utopian Society in London and apparent dystopia of Malpais(the Savage Reservation), that provides a meaningful impact both on how the story unfolds, and on the overall meaning of the book. The divergences between the two places become extremely relevant to not only the plotline of the novel, but also to the themes revealed throughout the book. Without a detailed effort to showcase the distinctive qualities that each side possess, both on opposite ends of the spectrum, the values in the book are lost. The differences that can be distinguished go beyond the surface ranging from civility and ignorance, love of others and love of materials, and the use of technology as a means to subjugate people to the government’s will.…

    • 1370 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    The title of this chapter comes from the view of the upper class on those unfortunates that Zinn sides with. “Persons of a mean and vile condition” were scoffed at. Those “undesirables” were seen as disgusting, barely human at the most extreme levels. It is true that they are often overlooked in the annals of history, but I can’t help but be contrary to Zinn. Though the poor and despondent formed the economic backbone for the country, they should not be given too much credit merely for being taken advantage of. I think Zinn is a bit too free with his passing of judgement and handing out of pity. Hypocritical though they may have been, acting as oppressors themselves, the men who founded this nation shared the same rebellious spirit as those who supported them. While its certainly terrible for people to have been oppressed as they were, their contributions are meaningless if there isn’t someone to take advantage of them. True freedom from classism is an admirable goal, and one we certainly haven’t reached, but to at least have some hope for all castes of people might be worth the effort that has already been given.…

    • 531 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Thomas Lux's Voice

    • 630 Words
    • 3 Pages

    A story can exhibit a great deal of information and present the reader with a tale rich in plot and atmosphere. A story can have these and more, but who translates the words on the paper into what becomes the experience of the story abundant with emotion and life? To Thomas Lux the answer would be the voice inside each person’s head. Lux sets forth the argument in his 1997 poem The Voice You Hear When You Read Silently that the voice emanating from within the reader’s head whenever the reader is silently reading is the true writer of the literary work because the words on the paper are inert until the reader’s unique voice translates them into life in ways that reflects their experiences and their views on topics.…

    • 630 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    A widespread issue throughout the civilization of our century is that no one observes the traits of the individual being subjected to discrimination, as an alternative their label is based off unchangeable characteristics. The two accounts being discussed on the theme of discernment are The Handmaid’s Tale and Black Boy. In both books, characters scuffle in their identifiable methods against a culture that dominated them. They both ultimately battle and seek risky and dangerous road to escape.…

    • 820 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Though this feeling of hatred towards the lower castes are not authentic, but is rather artificially evoked. Most importantly, World State needs to drill these segregational thoughts thousands of times into the citizen’s minds; rather than let the thoughts come naturally. This indicates that seclusion is not a natural human instinct, but rather an enforced phenomenon that is taught by the primitive world. Subsequently, egocentric self-glorification that drives these exclusive actions are adapted than rather inherited; as a result, Alphas and Betas are programmed and are not naturally cruel. This is stated in, “In this strange world, there is no space for freedom; all the people’s actions are guided and controlled. Brave New World is a community without freedom. Freedom, in fact, has been sacrificed for happiness and stability” (Farag). Consequently, this critique expresses how World State offers an environment where citizens are restricted to operate in only one way. It also highlights the sacrifice of freedom not only physically, but rather mentally as well. Aldous Huxley’s formation of the higher castes are to exemplify the superior classes of the 20th century, and to clarify their arrogant behaviour. Alphas were conditioned and brought…

    • 622 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    much of the conflict in this novel is about the use and abuse of power and the struggle to gain and maintain it. This theme is present throughout this novel while examining the issues of dominance in terms of race, age, culture, gender and…

    • 268 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    “They don’t understand. We know these hills, and we are comfortable here”. There was something aout the way the old man said the word “comfortable.” It had a different meaning- not the comfort of big houses or rich food or even clean streets, but the comfort of belonging with the land and the peace of being in these hills”(Silko, p117). It is this quote that essentially defines the reader response criticism. They Indians , Tayo, are victims of racism. Silko lets the reader hear their most inner thoughts. It is clear that there is an inner struggle with Tayo, between the white half of his heritage and how much better his life could be if he lived that heritage and the Indian heritage and how difficult his life is because he is Indian. Allowing the reader to feel what Tayo feels, hear what he is thinking and experience his reactions to the prejudice he faces helps “make sense out of chaos” (Tyson, 219).…

    • 451 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Nicholas Kristof

    • 1087 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The article “Meet a 21st Century Slave” was published on October 24, 2015 on The New York Times opinion pages and written by Nicholas Kristof. This article talks about how a real human being survived the cruelty in 21st century slavery. The context of this article is social, cultural, and historical. It is social because this article portrays how Poonam Thapa did not have any say on how she would live her own life. It is also cultural and historical because this article provides how she was treated in India and how she was a slave in the 21st century. This article talks about a real life event that has happened to Poonam Thapa. It also talks about how her life in “modern slavery” was like when she was a 12 years old slave in Mumbai, India.…

    • 1087 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Native American Indians were murdered for their land, Africans were enslaved, killed and tortured at the crack of their masters whip. The vicious truth of human nature is one of animal like “Predator vs Prey” approach. The one actor said a couple times throughout the movie that “those who are weak are meat, those who are strong will eat.” Rich white men have preyed on the economical and social gain of others for millennium. What we’ve discussed in class shows predacity like examples in current systems we have in the United States today. The way corporations prey on those who will work or are forced to work for cheap or no labor in over sea workshops and brothel like set-ups gives more verification to human predacity in modern…

    • 578 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Vindication of the Right

    • 4547 Words
    • 19 Pages

    One class presses on another, for all are aiming to procure respect on account of their property; and property once gained will procure the respect due only to talents and virtue. Men neglect the duties incumbent on man, yet are treated like demigods. Religion is also separated from morality by a ceremonial veil, yet men wonder that the world is almost, literally speaking, a den of sharpers or oppressors.…

    • 4547 Words
    • 19 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    This controversial novel was initially written to question slavery, convince people of its immorality and to promote the abolitionist cause. The novel’s rende...…

    • 325 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Oppression and exploitation has been present in our world as far back as one can remember. The dictionary definition states that ‘Oppression is the exercise of authority or power in a burdensome, cruel, or unjust manner. It can also be defined as an act or instance of oppressing, the state of being oppressed, and the feeling of being heavily burdened, mentally or physically, by troubles, adverse conditions, and anxiety.’ People who feel oppressed can react in very diverse and opposing ways. Some grow from their experiences, gaining compassion and a stronger self-identity. Some others become bitter and reclusive and turn on those around them in hopes of feeling better about themselves. And many feel they are victims, rightly so. These are all completely normal reactions, but where do they lead us? Through two of Langston Hughes’s poems and James Cameron’s ‘Avatar’ I will discuss how oppressed people react to colonial conquest and exploitation, and how they become better people because of it.…

    • 1555 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Mary Wollstonecraft’s A Vindication of the Rights of Women, Frederick Douglass’s Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, and Rabindranath Tagore’s Punishment all serve as pieces of social commentary, painting the struggles women and slaves hold as oppressed parties against their oppressors: men and white slaveholders. In each text, there are presumed advantages the oppressed groups hold, adding complexity to the relationship between oppressor and oppressed as there are times where these advantages serve as a hindrance and liability to the well-being of its holder. A perceived advantage held by an oppressed people becomes a liability when the advantage fails to surpass or even equal basic rights held by a non-oppressed people. As…

    • 1735 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Sir V.S. Naipaul is a Trinidadian writer of Indian descent. Very famous for his novels. His novels, reached to developing countries .He received the Nobel Prize in 2001 for Half a Life, a story about an Indian immigrant to England and Africa. One of his stories too is One Out Of Many. This short story talks about the live of Santosh. Who moved to Washington to follow his employer who is an Indian cook employed by a Washington government, when Santosh moved he saw many stranger things. In addition, he had to choose a decision, if he must defend his culture or adapt to the situation he felt estranged. This short story in many times displays his confusion about his culture and identity, because he is a foreign person in plural country.…

    • 1063 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays