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Indian stock market
Examining market efficiency in India: an empirical analysis of the Random Walk Hypothesis
Alan Harper South University

Zhenhu Jin Valparasio University

ABSTRACT

This study tries to determine whether the Indian stock market is efficient by examining if the stock returns follow a random walk. Following previous studies, we use autocorrelation, the Box-Ljung test statistics and the run test and find that the Indian stock market was not efficient in the weak form during the testing period. The results suggest that the stock prices in India do not reflect all the information in the past stock prices and abnormal returns can be achieved by investors exploiting the market inefficiency.

Keywords: Autocorrelation tests, runs test, random walk hypothesis, stock index, India

INTRODUCTION

If a market is efficient, stock price movements should follow a random walk and the price movements in the past should be not related to future price movements. But if the market is not efficient and price movements are not random, some investors can exploit the inefficiency by gaining abnormal returns. They may be able to correctly predict the future price movements by examining the historical price movements. There have been some studies testing the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) in regards to the India stock market but the results have been inconclusive.
This study analyzes the daily index returns from July 1997 to December 2011 by using some commonly used methodologies to determine whether the Indian market is efficient in the weak form.
The Bombay Stock Exchange was established in 1875 is one of the largest exchanges in Asia and in the world. As of December 2011, the market capitalization on the Indian stock exchanges was $1.015 trillion, 5,112 companies were listed in the exchange with over 20 million shareholders.
The paper is organized as follows. Section II provides a brief review of the literature.
Section III provides the data, while section IV



References: Chan, C.K., Gup, B.E., and Pan, M.S. (1992). An empirical analysis of stock prices in major Asian markets and the U.S. Financial Review, 27(2), p. 289-307. Fama, E., (1970). Efficient Capital Markets: A review of theory and empirical work. Journal of Finance, 25, p. 289-307. Gupta, R., and Basu, P.K. (2007). Weak form efficiency in Indian stock markets. International Business and Economics Research Journal, 6(3), p. 57-64. Gu, A.Y. (2004). Increasing market efficiency: Evidence from the NASDAQ. American Business Review, 22(2), p. 20-25. Khan, A.Q., Ikram, S., and Mehtab, M.( 2011). Testing weak form market efficiency of Indian capital market: A case of national stock exchange (NSE) and Bombay stock exchange (BSE). African Journal of Marketing Management, 3(6), p. 115-127. Lo, A.W. and MacKinlay, C. (1998). Stock market prices do not follow random walks: Evidence from a simple specification test. The Review of Financial Studies, 3(1), p. 41-66. Mall, M., Pradhan, B.B., and Mishra, P.K. (2011). The efficiency of India’s stock market: an empirical analysis. International Research Journal of Finance and Economics, 69, p Pant B. and Bishnoi, T.T. (2001). Testing random walk hypothesis for Indian stock market indices. Proceedings of the Fifth capital markets conference 2001, UTI Institute of Capital Markets. Seiler, M.J. and Rom, W. (1997). A historical analysis of market efficiency: Do historical returns follow a random walk? Journal of Financial and Strategic Decisions, 10(2), p. 49-57. Thomas, A.E., and Kumar, M.C.D. (2010). Empirical evidence on weak form efficiency of Indian stock market. ASBM Journal of Management, III, (1&2), p. 89-100. Vaidyanathan, R., and Gail, K. (1994). Efficiency of the Indian capital market. Indian journal of finance and research, 5(2), p. 35-38.

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