In the 1950s and 1960s, United States, UAE, Switzerland were internationally pre-eminent in economy and technology. After 30 years the economic landscape has changed considerably and indeed continues to change with amazing rapidity. Situation of strategic economic equality has come to exist in the triad regions of North America, Western Europe and the Pacific Rim (including India and China).
India is considered as a developing country having population of more than a billion, second highest in the world opened up the economy in the early nineties following a major crisis that led by a foreign exchange crunch that dragged the economy close to defaulting on loans. The response was a slew of domestic and external sector policy measures partly prompted by the immediate needs and partly by the demand of the multilateral organisations. Soon the economies of India would be much larger and become a powerful force in the global economy. More over India is growing at the rate of eight to nine percent per annum where as most of the developed countries including US, Canada, Japan and countries of EU and UK are gradually developing until last year.
The economies of India have achieved tremendous growth almost each year becoming two of the hottest emerging markets in the world. The changes in India are potentially more dramatic. India is beginning to make the transition from imitator to innovator. The gross domestic product (GDP) of India is $1100 B (2007) or RS.55000 B. It is approximately two percent of the GDP of the world i.e. $55000. The new policy regime radically pushed forward in favour of a more open and market oriented economy.
Major measures initiated as a part of the liberalisation and globalisation strategy in the early nineties included scrapping of the industrial licensing regime, reduction in the number of areas reserved for the public sector, amendment of the monopolies and the restrictive trade practices act, start of the privatisation programme,