Industrial Revolution Economy
Industrial Revolution Economy
QUESTIONS –
2005 – What do you understand by the term, industrial revolution? How do you account for its varying pace in Britain, France and Germany?
2006 – Highlight the variation in the pattern and pace of industrialization in Britain France and Germany between 1830-1914.
2009 – Describe the various factors which determined the divergent pace and pattern of industrialization in the 19th century.
2010 – In what ways was the experience of industrialization different for European countries which industrialized after England in the 19th century? (Fr and Gr)
Introduction:
The Industrialization of Europe, occurred between 1780 and 1914, starting in Britain, and was marked by three phases, each associated with a different region and technology. The Industrial revolution refers to structural changes in the economies of certain European countries in this period, which were as follows- (1) a reduction in the contribution of the agrarian sector to the economy and an increase in industrial and commercial sector’s contribution, (2) discovery and use of new sources of power which revolutionized production, (3) a subsequent shift to manufacturing on a large scale-in factories, (4) technological innovations and new types of investment. Clive Trebilcock, delineates the three phases of industrialization- the first phase (1780s-1820s)was pioneered by Britain, the second phase (1840-1870) saw France, some areas of the German States and U.S.A. industrializing, while the third phase (late1890s-1914) saw Japan, Italy, Russia Sweden, parts of Spain, Hapsburg empire and Hungary industrialize. CAUSES: Prior to the mid-18th century all European economies were marked by a large agrarian sector and craft manufacturing carried out by manual household labour, within the house, for local or regional markets. Such manufacturing required little capital and was labour intensive. By 1700, Peter .N. Stearns says Western Europe was an
QUESTIONS –
2005 – What do you understand by the term, industrial revolution? How do you account for its varying pace in Britain, France and Germany?
2006 – Highlight the variation in the pattern and pace of industrialization in Britain France and Germany between 1830-1914.
2009 – Describe the various factors which determined the divergent pace and pattern of industrialization in the 19th century.
2010 – In what ways was the experience of industrialization different for European countries which industrialized after England in the 19th century? (Fr and Gr)
Introduction:
The Industrialization of Europe, occurred between 1780 and 1914, starting in Britain, and was marked by three phases, each associated with a different region and technology. The Industrial revolution refers to structural changes in the economies of certain European countries in this period, which were as follows- (1) a reduction in the contribution of the agrarian sector to the economy and an increase in industrial and commercial sector’s contribution, (2) discovery and use of new sources of power which revolutionized production, (3) a subsequent shift to manufacturing on a large scale-in factories, (4) technological innovations and new types of investment. Clive Trebilcock, delineates the three phases of industrialization- the first phase (1780s-1820s)was pioneered by Britain, the second phase (1840-1870) saw France, some areas of the German States and U.S.A. industrializing, while the third phase (late1890s-1914) saw Japan, Italy, Russia Sweden, parts of Spain, Hapsburg empire and Hungary industrialize. CAUSES: Prior to the mid-18th century all European economies were marked by a large agrarian sector and craft manufacturing carried out by manual household labour, within the house, for local or regional markets. Such manufacturing required little capital and was labour intensive. By 1700, Peter .N. Stearns says Western Europe was an