until The Indutrial revolution most people lived an agriculture existance defined by the harvest and the seasons and ruled by a small political and social elite.
Sea cult- from north sea coal kick started The Industrial revolution in Britain. Until then wood had been the main source of energy in britain , it supplied the fuel for homes and small industries , but as populaion grew so did the demand for timber, as forest were cut down ,wood had to be carried further to reach the towns it was bulky dificult to transport and therfore expensive.
Coal was able to solve this problem as it was a much more form of power, providing up to 3 times more energy then wood. In Britain coal was abundant and easily mined mainly due to th fact that coal was located close to the surface, while expensive for other european countries to transportt their coals to market. While in Britain the mines were near the sea.
Another possible reason for Britains great success was the scientific climate in this period. There was a polific exchange of scientific and technological idias in this period , In britain idias did not suffer from censership by the church or state unlike other european countries , over the previus 100 years there was a cascade of scientific breakthroughs swept across the country. Eg isaac newton, robert boil etc.
(other words this period was known as the age of reason)
http://www.history.com/topics/industrial-revolution
Britain: Birthplace of the Industrial Revolution
Before the advent of the Industrial Revolution, most people resided in small, rural communities where their daily existences revolved around farming. Life for the average person was difficult, as incomes were meager, and malnourishment and disease were common. People produced the bulk of their own food, clothing, furniture and tools. Most manufacturing was done in homes or small, rural shops, using hand tools or simple machines.