Every movement under the avant-garde era is an important corner stone for the awakening of new ideas leading to revolutionary movements relating to the politics and social changes. Surrealism movement is significant and its success in cinema shows its influential and important role in society. Surrealism opened up a new way of viewing the reality by bringing out the unconsciousness as part of people’s life and thus connecting irrationality of art to rationality. In addition, success in cinema indicates the acceptance of Surrealism by the general public.
Andre Breton played major role in establishment of Surrealism but there are other members such as Andre Masson and Max Ernst who also contributed to Surrealism. Surrealism was grounded by publication of the manifestos written by Breton. The First Manifesto of Surrealism was released in 1924 covering the main ideas of Surrealism. The definition of Surrealism stated by Brenton was “pure psychic automatism, by one intends to express verbally, in writing or by any other method, the real functioning of the mind” (qtd. in 427 Barber). Here the ideology is that our unconscious and subconscious mind become the artist and not our consciousness. Because the argument was that unconscious and subconscious minds are real thought that people have. Also, by looking at manifesto it is clear that Surrealism was linked to Dada in the aspect of anti-aesthetics. The Second Manifesto of Surrealism was presented in 1929. The second manifesto covers more of political statue of Surrealist and Breton. This is due to constant changes of government regime and Breton asks for actions from Surrealists because their individualistic characteristics.
The basic ideas of Surrealism explore the unconscious mind. When the movement was forming Surrealist attempted to integrate the theories of Karl Marx and Sigmund Freud. This was contradictory because Karl Marx’s theory is focused on the