Informal Vs Formal Social Control
Social control refers to the ways that we behave are regulated by different factors in society. There are two types of social control: informal control and formal control. Informal social control is formed by two parts: aged-graded social roles and community organizations. Age-graded social roles describe that as individual age through the life course, their roles and responsibilities change in ways that make them more or less likely to commit crimes. An individual would experience three major life courses: childhood, adolescent, and adulthood. The most important period is adulthood because people form strong social ties when they get married, employed or join the military which would prevent them from committing crimes. If a person gets married,
…show more content…
There are additional 60,000 police officers were hired since the 1990s. Also, the numbers of private guards increased more than double from the 1980s to 2000s. More and more police are on the street, so they can better monitor potential bad behaviors. In this way, fewer people can commit crimes under the watch of police. However, there is a downside of police. The increasing of scrutiny by Police officers led to "Ferguson effect" which made people mistrust police, and it incited violence against police officers. Moreover, the stop-and-frisk program causes racial inequality because police officers mostly stop American-African and Latino on the street even though they do nothing suspicious. Thus, we need to get rid of stop-and-frisk and be equal to every race. Furthermore, police are only present in some communities, so people would choose to commit crimes in communities that have no police. Incarceration is putting offenders into prisons, and it has two functions: deterrence and incapacitation. According to Western, high incarceration rate and harsh penalties would deter those who want to commit crimes. Also, a large number of criminals are being locked up in the prison, so this incapacitation effect causes the declining of crime rates (Chpt. 7,
There are additional 60,000 police officers were hired since the 1990s. Also, the numbers of private guards increased more than double from the 1980s to 2000s. More and more police are on the street, so they can better monitor potential bad behaviors. In this way, fewer people can commit crimes under the watch of police. However, there is a downside of police. The increasing of scrutiny by Police officers led to "Ferguson effect" which made people mistrust police, and it incited violence against police officers. Moreover, the stop-and-frisk program causes racial inequality because police officers mostly stop American-African and Latino on the street even though they do nothing suspicious. Thus, we need to get rid of stop-and-frisk and be equal to every race. Furthermore, police are only present in some communities, so people would choose to commit crimes in communities that have no police. Incarceration is putting offenders into prisons, and it has two functions: deterrence and incapacitation. According to Western, high incarceration rate and harsh penalties would deter those who want to commit crimes. Also, a large number of criminals are being locked up in the prison, so this incapacitation effect causes the declining of crime rates (Chpt. 7,