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Int 1 Task 1
The Smallest Particle?

The Atom. Adapted from “Newton Typepad“ website, 2008, http://newton.typepad.com/content/2008/07/atom-powered-co.html

As far back, from my school years, as I can remember the word atom signified the smallest particle of matter. This is a very layman like attitude a scientist would abhor, because a scientist knows that this concept of ‘the smallest particle of matter ' has been changing rapidly over the years. The Greeks, it is said, coined the word “atom”. When this concept was articulated by the Greeks, there were no electronic equipments or high-tech labs to verify and further explore this “atom”. Technological advances have given today’s physicists the needed methods and means to explore matter in ways never possible in the early days of the atom.

John Dalton(1766-1844): Father of the Modern Atomic Theory
John Dalton theorized that(John Dalton. (2013). The Biography
Channel website. Retrieved Jun 05, 2013, from http://www.biography.com/people/john-dalton-9265201.):

John Dalton, Adapted from “Biography.com” website, http://www.biography.com/pe ople/john-dalton-9265201

•Elements are distinguishable by the weight of their atoms • Atoms cannot be created or destroyed • Atoms fuse together to form compounds • Atoms of the same element are identical in every way. • Atom is the smallest particle.

The most basic description that is universally understood, would be, that matter is made of atoms. Now in today’s “enlightened” world, this would be too simple of a statement to make categorically. It becomes necessary for us to take into account the advances in atom science and be able to qualify our statement. We must further state, that though matter is made up of atoms, they are no longer the smallest particles of matter. Let us begin a journey through time to be able to appreciate our understanding, of how the concept of the “smallest particle of matter” has changed over time. The first modern day proponents of the atomic theory



References: Columbia University, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory. (2005). Disaster Management. Retrieved June 10, 2013 from www.ldeo.columbia.edu/~lareef/tsunami/disaster2.html DW Development Workshop. (n.d). Post-tsunami ‘Safe house’ initiative. Retrieved June 11, 2013 from http://www.dwf.org/en/content/indonesia Indian National Center For Ocean Information Services. (2007). National Early Warning System for Tsunami & Storm Surges in the Indian Ocean. Retrieved June 10, 2013 from http://www.incois.gov.in/Incois/tsunamicontents.jsp Indian Safety Professionals. (n.d). 10 Earthquake and Tsunami Safety Tips That You Should Know. Retrieved June 10, 2013 from http://www.isplonline.com/tsunamitentips.htm John Dalton. (2013). The Biography Channel website. Retrieved Jun 05, 2013, from http://www.biography.com/people/john-dalton-9265201 Joseph John Thomson. (2013). The Chemical Heritage Foundation website. Retrieved Jun 05, 2013, from http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history/themes/atomic-and-nuclearstructure/thomson.aspx Lori Valigra. (2005). Indian Ocean 's Tsunami Early Warning System Taking Shape. Retrieved June 10, 2013 from http://news.nationalgeographic.co.in/news/2005/12/1223_051223_tsunami_warning.html Newton Typepad. (2008). Atom Powered Content. Retrieved June 4, 2013, from http://newton.typepad.com/content/2008/07/atom-powered-co.html Oxford University, Department of Physics. (n.d). How Small Can You Go? Retrieved from http://www.physics.ox.ac.uk/documents/PUS/leaflets/leaflet1.htm Pacific Tsunami Warning Center. (2013). Tsunami Messages for All Regions (Past 30 days). Retrieved June 10, 2013 from http://ptwc.weather.gov/ Paul Bowersox. (October 19, 2011). Sir James Chadwick’s Discovery of Neutrons. Retrieved June 5, 2013 from http://ansnuclearcafe.org/2011/10/19/pioneers102011/ Science Daily. (2009). Tsunami Evacuation Buildings: Another Way To Save Lives In The Pacific Northwest. Retrieved June 11, 2013 from http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/10/091019134709.htm The Eskimo. (2008). Chemistry 101: The Atom. Retrieved June 4, 2013, from http://theeskimo.hubpages.com/hub/chem101atom United States Geological Survey(USGS). (2005). Indian Ocean Earthquake Triggers Deadly Tsunami. Retrieved June 9, 2013 from http://soundwaves.usgs.gov/2005/01/ U.S. Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System Program. (2007). How Resilient is Your Coastal Community? A Guide for Evaluating Coastal Community Resilience to Tsunamis and Other Coastal Hazards (Electronic version). U.S. Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System Program supported by the United States Agency for International Development and partners, Bangkok, Thailand. Venice 311. (2011). KNOW IT – BE PREPARED! TSUNAMI INUNDATION MAP FOR EMERGENCY PLANNING. Retrieved June 10, 2013 from http://venice311.org/2011/03/20/know-it-be-prepared-tsunami-inundation-map-for-emergency-planning/ Wikipedia. (2013). Atomic Nucleus. Retrieved June 5, 2013 from https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_nucleus Wikipedia. (2013). Proton. Retrieved June 5, 2013 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proton Wikipedia. (2013). Pion. Retrieved June 5, 2013 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pion Wikipedia. (2013). Quark. Retrieved June 5, 2013 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quark

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