In the play, The Shoehorn Sonata, in act 1, which covers scenes 1 to 8, M voice interviewed Bridie and Sheila friendship in a television studio. Bridie and Sheila are being interviewed for a documentary program about their experience as prisoners of the Japanese. M voice skilfully interviews Bridie and Shelia all through the play to improve the plot by revealing to the audience the experience Bridie and Shelia had during the women’s past. Bridie stands on cameo lighting to establishing the “Kow Tow” bow for respect in the middle of the stage, and then she claps her hands firmly exposing the strong confidence of nature of her character. The audience listens as Bridie straightens difficulty from the Kow Tow, showing that she is strong but not…
1. What is the main element that can be contributed by the nurses in acute hospital settings for proper management of pain in chronic kidney patients? (Manias & Williams, 2007).…
"Pain is defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage" (Merskey & Bogduk, 1994). According to Liebeskind (1991), pain is a universal phenomenon that can have a detrimental effect on mobility, sleeping and eating patterns, personal relationships, immune system, overall functional status and psychological well-being, and it has also been the most common reason for medical appointments. Pain is a complex, multidimensional perception that varies in quality, duration and strength (McGrath, 1994). Pain is a subjective symptom that cannot be objectively measured in the way that blood pressure or heart rate can be measured (Strong, Unruh, Wright, & Baxter, 2002). The definition of pain highlights the duality of pain experience and suggests that the perception of pain and how a person report pain is influenced by physiological and psychological factors; however, our understanding of pain and how it perceived by different people is still limited and more research need to be conducted in this field since pain evaluation and pain relief are important goals for the health care providers and clients.…
References: burdens, chronic pain is a burden to the healthcare system (Opsina & Harstall, 2002).…
Chang, A., Ip, W., T.H. Cheung, T. (2004), ‘Patient - controlled analgesia versus conventional intramuscular injection: a cost effectiveness analysis’ Journal of Advanced Nursing 46(5) pp. 531 – 541.…
Before using any of the methods to manage pain, the client needs to be assessed, as every kind of pain relief can be harmful, care plan and policies and procedures always have to be followed and necessary precautions have to be taken.…
The nurse is constantly during the shift trying to maintain patient safety and comfort. Pain is a major area that is often mistreated. Being the fifth vital sign, pain plays a important factor in the care of an individual. Due to the subjectivity of pain, assessment and treatment are influenced by bias and emotions (Jiménez- Herrea & Axelsson, p. 555). There have been many instances, where nurses I have worked with question the reality of the patient’s pain. However, ethically you are supposed to advocate for the patient and allow them to be as comfortable as…
The primary method of pain control is to describe the shape and colour of their specific pain and that of pain relief but without being given time to consider it. This gives us an idea of how their subconscious perceives the pain allowing us to work more…
The concepts of this theory are the balance between analgesia and side effects, pain, and side effects themselves. Opioid analgesics often have very unpleasant side effects, so the end result is often patients taking less medication than they actually need, which results in pain not being effectively relieved. The combination of potent analgesics, pharmacological and non-pharmacological adjuvants can allow for the pain relief needed and also help minimize or eliminate unwanted side effects. Nurses can work with the patient to educate them on the side effects of potent medication and help them set realistic goals. This will entail working with both the patient and physician to achieve the results desired.…
Pain management is a major concern for nursing care. Not only does controlling pain help the patient rest and heal, it also improves patient satisfaction. Pain management involves more than providing the patient with pain medication, it is an entire nursing process that starts at the time of admission. “A thorough pain history and shared goal setting are critical components of effective pain management that leads to beneficial outcomes” (Glowacki, 2015). Pain history includes past experiences of pain, current and past pain methods that have managed pain effectively, a tolerable level of pain, triggers of pain, and so on. Obtaining this history is imperative for the nurse in order to meet the patient’s pain management goals. This may just be…
The majority of the nurses that were surveyed utilized the verbal pain assessment tool at almost 90%. Ninety-two percent of the registered nurses assessed pain on each patient in their care, and the notifications to the physician of uncontrolled pain is at a 90% rate. The conclusion that can be drawn from this study is that the different populations of patients were assessed, was and could be done so by different assessment tools pertinent to that patient. The findings of this particular study have significant implications for registered nurses in using evidence-based practice to adequately treat patient’s pain. The study suggested that for nurses to properly treat the pain, the populations at hand should be taken into consideration. In learning how different populations perceive pain, nurses were then able to use evidence pain practice to adequately control patient’s…
Many hospitals have employed an acute pain service for nearly a decade, but for many hospitals in the United States this still is a new idea. What we’re seeing is a new modality in treatment and the way we approach it.…
One of the best methods of reducing infection in patients with any type of wound is sterile technique with dressing change. Heavy colonization of infected sites is a risk factor for infections associated with any type of wound but mostly for wounds that penetrate deeper into the skin. Sterile site dressing is advocated to protect the open wound from contamination because it will come in to direct contact with the wound, and sterility is required in order to execute the application of the dressing successfully. The nursing process is an important principle to use when examining, treating, and maintaining any type of wound or applying wound dressings. The five steps: assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation are all applied during the process. Critical thinking about the method, the purpose, and understanding why procedural guidelines must be followed is key to keeping your patients safe and free from infection.…
Nurses have a unique role in pain assessment and management given that, of all health professionals, they spend the most time with patients in pain (Musclow, Swhney, & Watson, 2002). Failure of nurses to assess pain is a critical factor leading to under treatment (Chuk, 2002). Despite the numerous research articles on the under treatment of pain barriers continue to exist (Shannon & Bucknell, 2003). Some identified health care barriers include: inadequate pain assessment and documentation by nurses, under treatment of pain with analgesics, inadequate knowledge of nurses regarding pain management and pain medications, nurses’ fear over sedating patients, which could produce respiratory suppression, and the perceptual differences of pain between patients and nurses (Holley, McMillian, Hagen, & Palacois, 2005), Bouvette, Bourbonnais, & Perreault, 2001, Clarke et al., 1996, McCaffery & Pasero, 1999).…
Sampson, E. Kitchen, G. (2012) North west dementa Centre. Available at: http://www.pssru.ac.uk/pdf/MCpdfs/Pain_factsheet.pdf . Accessed on 25th April 2012.…