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Communicable Diseases and Skin Disorders (13 questions)
Common terms that are applied to skin lesions:
Erythema – A reddened area caused by increased amounts of unoxygenated blood in the dermal vasculature.
Ecchymoses (bruises) – Localized red or purple discolorations caused by extravasation of blood into the dermis and subcutaneous tissues
Petechiae – Pinpoint, tiny, and sharp circumscribed spots in the superficial layers of the epidermis
Primary lesions- Skin changes produced by a causative factor; common primary lesions in pediatric skin disorders are macules, papules, and vesicles
Secondary lesions- Changes that result from alteration in the primary lesions, such as those caused by rubbing, scratching, medication, or involution and healing
Distribution pattern – The pattern in which the lesion are distributed over the body, whether local or generalized, and the specific areas associated with the lesion
Configuration and arrangement – The size, shape, and arrangement of a lesion or groups of lesions (e.g., discrete, clustered, diffuse, or confluent)
PRIMARY SKIN LESIONS
Macule – flat; nonpalpable; circumscribed; 1cm in diameter; (e.g. Vitiligo; port-wine marks)
Papule – elevated; palpable; firm; circumscribed; 1cm in diameter (e.g. Psoriasis; seborrheic and actinic keratoses)
Wheat – elevated; irregularly shaped area of cutaneous edema; solid, transient, changing, variable diameter; pale pink with lighter center (e.g. Urticaria (hives); insect bites)
Nodule – elevated; firm; palpable; deeper in dermis than papule;1-2cm in diameter; (e.g. Erythema nodosum; lipomas)
Pustule – elevated; superficial; similar to vesicle but filled with purulent fluid; (e.g. Impetigo; acne; variola)
Cyst – elevated; circumscribed; palpable; encapsulated; filled with liquid or semisolid material (e.g. Sebaceous cyst)
SECONDARY SKIN LESIONS
Scale – heaped-up keratinized cells; flaky exfoliation; irregular; thick or thin; dry or oily; varied size; silver, white,
Common terms that are applied to skin lesions:
Erythema – A reddened area caused by increased amounts of unoxygenated blood in the dermal vasculature.
Ecchymoses (bruises) – Localized red or purple discolorations caused by extravasation of blood into the dermis and subcutaneous tissues
Petechiae – Pinpoint, tiny, and sharp circumscribed spots in the superficial layers of the epidermis
Primary lesions- Skin changes produced by a causative factor; common primary lesions in pediatric skin disorders are macules, papules, and vesicles
Secondary lesions- Changes that result from alteration in the primary lesions, such as those caused by rubbing, scratching, medication, or involution and healing
Distribution pattern – The pattern in which the lesion are distributed over the body, whether local or generalized, and the specific areas associated with the lesion
Configuration and arrangement – The size, shape, and arrangement of a lesion or groups of lesions (e.g., discrete, clustered, diffuse, or confluent)
PRIMARY SKIN LESIONS
Macule – flat; nonpalpable; circumscribed; 1cm in diameter; (e.g. Vitiligo; port-wine marks)
Papule – elevated; palpable; firm; circumscribed; 1cm in diameter (e.g. Psoriasis; seborrheic and actinic keratoses)
Wheat – elevated; irregularly shaped area of cutaneous edema; solid, transient, changing, variable diameter; pale pink with lighter center (e.g. Urticaria (hives); insect bites)
Nodule – elevated; firm; palpable; deeper in dermis than papule;1-2cm in diameter; (e.g. Erythema nodosum; lipomas)
Pustule – elevated; superficial; similar to vesicle but filled with purulent fluid; (e.g. Impetigo; acne; variola)
Cyst – elevated; circumscribed; palpable; encapsulated; filled with liquid or semisolid material (e.g. Sebaceous cyst)
SECONDARY SKIN LESIONS
Scale – heaped-up keratinized cells; flaky exfoliation; irregular; thick or thin; dry or oily; varied size; silver, white,