Data – observations that have been collected.
Statistics – the science of planning studies and experiments, obtaining data, and then organizing, summarizing, presenting, analyzing, interpreting, and drawing conclusions based on the data.
Population – the collection of all elements to be studied.
Census – a collection of data from every member of the population
Sample – a subset of members selected from a population
Vocabulary 1 – Chapter 1 Section 2
Statistical Significance – an arbitrary limit where an observed difference is reasonably assumed to be due to some factor other than pure chance.
Practical significance – an arbitrary limit where an observed difference is of some practical use in the real world.
Vocabulary 1 – Chapter 1 Section 3
Parameter – a numerical measurement of a population characteristic.
Statistic – a numerical measurement of a sample characteristic.
Quantitative Data – data that consists of numbers representing counts of measurements.
Categorical Data – data that can be separated into different categories that are distinguished by some nonnumeric characteristic.
Discrete Data – data that has a finite number or countable number of possible values.
Continuous Data – data that has an infinite number of possible values, with no gaps in the possible values.
Nominal Level of Measurement – data that are qualitative only.
Ordinal Level of Measurement – data that can be ordered, but computational differences are meaningless.
Interval Level of Measurement – data that are ordinal level, and also having meaningful computational differences, but having no significant zero value.
Ratio Level of Measurement – data that are interval level, and also having meaningful computational differences, and having a significant zero value.
Vocabulary 1 – Chapter 1 Section 4
Voluntary Response Sampling – a style of sampling that incorporates non probability sampling methods in its research.
Correlation – the