Jamestown, the capital of the Virginia colony. ... The Far East has its Mecca, Palestine its Jerusalem, France its Lourdes, and Italy its Loretto, but America's only shrines are her altars of patriotism - the first and most potent being Jamestown; the sire of Virginia, and Virginia the mother of this great Republic. (http://www.apva.org/history/) a 1907 Virginia guidebook. In June of 1606, King James I granted a charter to a group of London entrepreneurs, the Virginia Company, to establish a satellite English settlement in the Chesapeake region of North America. By December, 104 settlers sailed from London instructed to settle Virginia, find gold, and seek a water route to the Orient. On May 14, 1607, the Virginia Company explorers landed on Jamestown Island to establish the Virginia English colony on the banks of the James River, 60 miles from the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay. In 1607 the British Empire settled Jamestown, Virginia as its first permanent colony in America. It was the first of the original 13 colonies in North America. The 13 colonies can be divided into three regions: New England, Middle, and Southern colonies.
On May 14, 1607, just over one hundred men settled in what is now Jamestown, Virginia, to become the first permanent English colony in the New World. It was a business venture by the London Virginia Company. While disease, famine, and continuing attacks of neighboring Algonquians took a tremendous toll on the population, there were times when the Powhatan Indian trade revived the colony with food in exchange for glass beads, copper, and iron implements.
It appears that eventual structured leadership of Captain John Smith kept the colony from dissolving. The "Starving Time" winter followed Smith's departure in 1609 during which only 60 of the original 214 settlers at Jamestown survived. That June, the survivors decided to bury cannon and armor and abandon the town. It was only the arrival of the new governor,