Jean Piaget's Four Stages Of Development
Jean Piaget
Jean Piaget was born in Switzerland in 1896. He lived until 1980 and in his life, developed a basic model or blueprint of "normal" child development. He started out getting a degree in zoology but later changed his path and switched his focus to psychology. While working with testing young Parisians, he became fascinated with child psychology and early cognitive development. His theory consisted of 4 main stages with many sub-stages for each.
He based his ideas and theories on the idea that a child builds mental maps, schemes, or networked concepts, which help him or her to both understand and respond to given situations and experiences. Through these experiences, cognitive structure increases in sophistication and complexity. …show more content…
In the sensorimotor stage, a set of concepts about reality is built but there is still no object permanence, meaning if a toy is shown to the child and then hidden, the child will forget that the toy ever existed. The preoperational stage is when the child has object permanence but still need concrete physical situations to understand and has no abstract thinking. During the concrete operations stage, the experiences have accumulated enough so that concrete physical situations are not needed and abstract problem solving begins. The final stage, formal operations, is when the child's thinking is much like an adult and included conceptual …show more content…
In primary circular reaction (1 to 4 months), the action and response only involve the infant's own body. The secondary circular reaction (4 to 8 months), involves the action getting a response from some outside person or object, which leads to a repeat, by the child, of the original action. The last part, tertiary circular reaction (12 to 18 months), is when an action gets a response from an outside person or object, which leads to not a repeat of the original action, but the child will do a similar action in hopes of attaining a similar response.
Erik Erikson Erik Erikson was born in 1902 in Frankfurt, Germany. For much of the 1920's he was an artist and a teacher until he met Anna Freud. With her encouragement and help, he gained an interest in psychoanalysis and went to Vienna to study child psychoanalysis. In 1933, he came to the United States and spent the remainder of his life teaching at Yale and Harvard Universities. His ideas were greatly influenced by Freud but still loosely based. He agreed with Freud's ideas of id, ego, and superego, as well as the idea of infantile sexuality. There were some components of Freud's theories that he disagreed with, such as basing everything on sexuality. Erikson not only based his work on sexuality, but also on social influences. He also
Jean Piaget was born in Switzerland in 1896. He lived until 1980 and in his life, developed a basic model or blueprint of "normal" child development. He started out getting a degree in zoology but later changed his path and switched his focus to psychology. While working with testing young Parisians, he became fascinated with child psychology and early cognitive development. His theory consisted of 4 main stages with many sub-stages for each.
He based his ideas and theories on the idea that a child builds mental maps, schemes, or networked concepts, which help him or her to both understand and respond to given situations and experiences. Through these experiences, cognitive structure increases in sophistication and complexity. …show more content…
In the sensorimotor stage, a set of concepts about reality is built but there is still no object permanence, meaning if a toy is shown to the child and then hidden, the child will forget that the toy ever existed. The preoperational stage is when the child has object permanence but still need concrete physical situations to understand and has no abstract thinking. During the concrete operations stage, the experiences have accumulated enough so that concrete physical situations are not needed and abstract problem solving begins. The final stage, formal operations, is when the child's thinking is much like an adult and included conceptual …show more content…
In primary circular reaction (1 to 4 months), the action and response only involve the infant's own body. The secondary circular reaction (4 to 8 months), involves the action getting a response from some outside person or object, which leads to a repeat, by the child, of the original action. The last part, tertiary circular reaction (12 to 18 months), is when an action gets a response from an outside person or object, which leads to not a repeat of the original action, but the child will do a similar action in hopes of attaining a similar response.
Erik Erikson Erik Erikson was born in 1902 in Frankfurt, Germany. For much of the 1920's he was an artist and a teacher until he met Anna Freud. With her encouragement and help, he gained an interest in psychoanalysis and went to Vienna to study child psychoanalysis. In 1933, he came to the United States and spent the remainder of his life teaching at Yale and Harvard Universities. His ideas were greatly influenced by Freud but still loosely based. He agreed with Freud's ideas of id, ego, and superego, as well as the idea of infantile sexuality. There were some components of Freud's theories that he disagreed with, such as basing everything on sexuality. Erikson not only based his work on sexuality, but also on social influences. He also