Preview

John B. Watson Behavioral Therapy In The 1920's

Satisfactory Essays
Open Document
Open Document
213 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
John B. Watson Behavioral Therapy In The 1920's
John B. Watson is said to be the pioneer, or first generation of behaviorism in the 1920’s in which Watson and colleagues had begun to look at different ways to help their patients with something more than psychoanalysis. It wasn’t until after World War II that Watson’s Behavioral Therapy began to develop a working model to help their patients where psychoanalysis was lacking. The behavioral therapy can be categorized into three generations. The first generation was in part nonconformity to the way psychotherapy and psychoanalysis was being carried out. The idea was to change the behaviors that were coming from reactions of an individual that were negative. Albert Ellis and Aaron Beck came along with the second generation of behavioral
Continue Reading
View Writing Issues

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    Essay On Watson's Methodological Behaviourism
    • 469 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Essay On Watson's Methodological Behaviourism

    Leading on from this, Thorndike (1911) described ‘the law of effect’, suggesting that behaviour is more likely to be repeated if it produces a favourable response to the environment. He demonstrated this by conducting an experiment by which a cat was placed within a box. The cat could escape from the box by pressing a lever; once the cat discovered this, the cat was quicker to elicit the response and escape to a favourable environment. In 1913, Watson defined behaviourism as a science which focused on the nature of behaviour, with no scientific experimentation related to introspective stimuli. Watson’s methodological behaviourism focused on experiments where environmental stimulus elicited a response. He concluded that there was “no dividing line between the man and the brute” (Watson, 1913), rejecting the idea of the private behaviour. Jones (1915) agreed with Watson, stating that psychology needed to focus on observable phenomena in order to be considered a science, and “turn its back on all private data”. Skinner (1938) expanded behaviourism to distinguish respondent conditioning, the Pavlovian stimulus-response based, and operant conditioning, which focused on Thorndike’s favourable reoccurrence.…

    • 469 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Necro11B69
    • 371 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Necro11B69

    A: Watson’s behaviorism was the first stage in the evolution of the behavioral school of thought. The second stage was neobehaviorism (1930-1960), the neobehaviorists of this era believed that (a) the core of psychology was the study of learning, (b) that most behaviors can be accounted for by the laws of conditioning, and that (c) psychology must adopt the principle of operationism.…

    • 371 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    11 Explain the historical development of
    • 875 Words
    • 3 Pages

    11 Explain the historical development of

    This was called non-directive therapy, where client is the expert and humans have free will. It was absolute revolutionary in psychological circles of that time. As a result Rogers became a founder of Person-Centred Approach and one of the most influential psychologists and psychotherapists of the 20th century.…

    • 875 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Unit 504: Factors Affecting Learning And Achievement
    • 3402 Words
    • 14 Pages

    Unit 504: Factors Affecting Learning And Achievement

    Examples of behaviourists are P. Pavlov (1849-1936), S. Freud (1856-1939) J. B Watson (1878- 1958) and E. L. Thorndike (1874-1949).…

    • 3402 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    Person-Centered Counseling: Historical Development of a Major Therapeutic Model
    • 1618 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Person-Centered Counseling: Historical Development of a Major Therapeutic Model

    The way Rogers did his study changed the way psychologists and counsellors will act for centuries and was called “one of the most influential psychologists of the 20th century” for his forward thinking from Freud’s…

    • 1618 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    John Locke As An Advocate Of Empiricism
    • 294 Words
    • 2 Pages

    John Locke As An Advocate Of Empiricism

    Even though he did not establish behaviorism, he was an outspoken advocate for it. Much like Locke, Watson believed in of tabula rasa, or the blank slate. Much like Locke, Watson also believed that behavior was shaped and learned through experience. He also believed that it was the different factors from each person’s life that are unique to them and these factors are what shaped that person’s actions and behaviors thus influencing their actions and behaviors (Malone, 2009). Watson also believed that behavior could be summarized to the relationships between stimuli and responses. Unlike Locke, Watson believed that observable behavior is what needs to be studied to be able to further psychological understanding, not mental…

    • 294 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Understanding of Mental Illness Since the 1900s
    • 744 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Understanding of Mental Illness Since the 1900s

    The understanding of mental illness today since the early 1900s has changed significantly. In the 1900s, people still had no real understanding of what caused mental illnesses, let alone how to treat the disease. The disease was feared and was seen as incurable. Mentally ill patients would be sent to asylums, and as a form of treatment they were tortured. Until in the later 1900s, it was discovered that certain factors and drug therapy could be a treatment to cure the mentally ill. Today there are various forms of treatment and treatment settings for the different mental illnesses that help to benefit the patients’ condition.…

    • 744 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Powerful Essays

    AP Psychology
    • 1534 Words
    • 7 Pages

    AP Psychology

    A.P. Psychology Crib Notes People: Wundt- "Father of Psychology": Introspection Wertheimer- Gestalt Psychology Titchner- Structuralism James- Functionalism Watson- Behaviorism; "Little Albert Study" Freud- Psychoanalytic; dream analysis; free association; structure of personality; stages of development; defense mechanisms Milgram- Obedience; Ethics Broca- left frontal lobe: associated with expressive language Wernike- left frontal lobe: receptive language Pavlov- Classical conditioning: dogs Thorndike-…

    • 1534 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Perspectives Paper
    • 1556 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Perspectives Paper

    John B. Watson, B. F. Skinner and Edward C. Tolman, were all great philosophers who all shared great interest and had great significance in psychology. All three philosophers had their own objective view, but were all passionate on exploring various aspects in theory. Edward C. Tolman and B. F. Skinner had similar studies in Behaviorism. They both had different concepts of theories in behaviorism. These philosophers studies helped convinced that behavior holds a stronger scientific argument due to a proven thesis on each other’s findings. Edward Tolman and B F Skinner were both behaviorist. Unlike B F Skinner’s theory Tolman was intrigued by introspection. Introspection is based on a psychological perspective. Introspection can be determined data collected on individual behavior and memory recall. The way person process information from a personal experience. John B Watson perspective had an opposing view from Edward Tolman. Watson had interest himself with a behavioral observation. He argues that on a psycholoanalyic view introspection is basically worthless intrest in behaviorism. Behaviorism is reacted from an emotional condition that is proven. Introspection is not scientically proven evidence, because not everyone reacts or thinks the same. Its broad responses generated all aspects. Edward Tolman theory was quite similar to the infamous, Sigmund Frued. Watson theory was based on human observation which was commonly conditioned by emotion. John B Watson interest in his observation and helped with the recognizing of the result for mental illnesses. Edward C Tolman theory was influenced by a basis of environmental stimuli response. He believe that in human their essential nervous system has a chemical that can be triggered by a response and a condition. Tolman studied in animal systical studies as well. His therophy ws inspriered by behaviorism. Many…

    • 1556 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    J. B Watson's Little Albert Experiment
    • 589 Words
    • 3 Pages

    J. B Watson's Little Albert Experiment

    J.B Watson, who is generally regarded as the founder of behaviorism (Cornwell & Hobbs, 1976, p. 9) and R. Rayner was able to conduct many experiments such as one called the “Little Albert” experiment, in the year of 1920. These psychologists were trying to test the fear that this infant had on certain animals and masks. In other terms, they were testing his reactions to different objects or events that elicit sensory or behavioral responses. Watson believed that a child is born with a limited number of emotional reactions which develop through complex emotions of adulthood (Cornwell & Hobbs, 1976, p. 9). Watson and Rayner had four aims to direct to this experiment. One, to see if it is capable to activate the fear of neutral stimuli through classical conditioning. Two, to see if the fear will be relocated to similar looking objects. Three, to see how long it takes for the fear to trigger. Four, to see how possible it is to remove fear in their lab. Albert B was the infant's pseudonym (a fictitious name) given to protect his identity since he was put to be a test subject for these psychologists. He was “on the…

    • 589 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    The Diverse Nature of Psychology
    • 906 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The Diverse Nature of Psychology

    Psychology is a very broad field of study. Many theorists have defined what the basis for different psychological problems derives from. Based on this fact, there are many subdisciplines currently in existence. One of these is behaviorism. J.B. Watson coined this term. His concept focuses on observing behavior and states that behavioral patterns are the direct result of conditioning via rewards and punishments (Blackwell Dictionary of Sociology, 2000). This theory was not well received because it failed to encompass an individual’s free will. Despite this fact, behavior modification therapy is widely utilized current day. Behavior therapy is a form of psychotherapy that uses various methods to change undesirable behaviors or patterns (New Dictionary of Cultural Literacy, 2002). It also can be used to reinforce positive actions. This concept can be…

    • 906 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    John B Watson Research Paper
    • 1494 Words
    • 6 Pages

    John B Watson Research Paper

    Before becoming a professor at John Hopkins in 1908, Watson worked as an instructor at the University of Chicago. Watson 's colleagues did not consider him successful at introspection and this may have helped direct him to an objective behavior psychology (Schultz, 2008). When Watson published his dissertation, it was apparent that he had a preference for animal…

    • 1494 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Examples Of Mental Illnesses In The 1940s
    • 711 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Examples Of Mental Illnesses In The 1940s

    During the 1940s not much was understood about mental illnesses. People often thought that those people with mental illnesses were crazy or that there was a supernatural reason why they acted that way. They didn’t really understand that these people are sick and that these people can be treated. There are people know who you will never even notice that they have a mental illness because they are normal civilians like anyone else, but in the 1940s others didn’t understand that they saw insanity. During World War II Hitler decided that people with mental disabilities were not the “perfect” race so he decided to eliminate them, people with mental illnesses…

    • 711 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
    Read More
  • Good Essays

    Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Paper
    • 326 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Paper

    In order to become a therapist a very necessary skill is needed being a good listener. The newspaper "Transdiagnostic Group Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy: An Efficacious and Cost-Effective Method Across Diverse Populations" by Backs-Dermott et al..This newspaper proves that the therapist needed to be professional in listening in order to maintain the group or the therapist would have lost patients. Either due to lack of respect or the patient would have felt the therapist were not professionals if they did not listen. The newspaper is about is about how a group of qualified cognitive behavioral therapy therapists are trying to increase availability for cognitive therapy for minority groups and others. In the newspaper it is proven that cognitive-behavioral therapy is the best way to cure depression. “Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is a recommended treatment for anxiety and depression that is both efficacious and cost effective” (Dermott et al 19). It is…

    • 326 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
    Read More
  • Better Essays

    Theories of Human Development
    • 1118 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Theories of Human Development

    In response to Freud’s theories, Watson felt that psychology needed to focus on measurable variables in order for it to progress. Watson believed that one’s environment was the driving force behind development with no attention paid to the subconscious. He felt that the environment in which one was place was the “determinant factor in behavior” (Hall). “[T]o the behaviorist, normal behavior results from…

    • 1118 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
    Read More

Related Topics