In the Social Contract, Jean-Jacques Rousseau’s key viewpoint is that all men are born free, but end up being in chains everywhere in the course of their lives (Rousseau and Cole 2 ). Rousseau argues that modern political states repress the basic freedoms which men possess as their birthright. These political states then lead men into the civil society in which the civil freedoms of men are not secure. Most importantly, Rousseau points out that the legitimacy of political authority can only be a product of social that all citizens agree upon motivated by the need for mutual preservation. Throughout the book, Rousseau makes key distinctions that make the basis of the discussions in this essay.…
The Revolution was the beginning towards America’s independence from Great Britain. When the colonists began to acquire experience in the art of self-government they realized they could leave the British rule. They had become irritated by how King George 111 and parliament imposed a number of regulations on the colonists liberties. Since the patriots' demands could not be met, the country proclaimed itself independent from 'mother England' and the United States of America were born. The revolutionary period was different than colonial philosophies. The colonists began to take action to fight for their rights. Great Britain was taxing them without representation. To fix this problem the colonists established The Boston Tea Party in 1773. This…
During the 1700s the American settlers suffered the abuses from their Mother England, and constantly fought through the rebellious spirit that lived within them. As their last hopes for independence dissolved by the greediness of the king, a man raised his voice, encouraging his subalterns to defend their freedoms. Richard Henry Lee proclaimed, “that these United Colonies are, and of right ought to be, free and independent States, and that all connections between them and the State of Great Britain is, and ought to be, dissolved”(29). The incentive had been brought to life again. Lee’s call for independence triggered debate among the delegates of the colonies about the formation of alliances, and the proposal of a plan of confederation. Later on, the colonists decided to appoint Thomas Jefferson as the builder of a document that could justify the colonists’ break with the crown, clarify their notions of the ideal government, and enumerated the wrongs that the colonists had suffered under British rule. Being the responsibilities assigned, Jefferson started to work on the Declaration of Independence. But, how did he come up with the well known and basic idea of unalienable Rights?…
In the midst of the Enlightenment Age, a time when philosophers such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau, Thomas Hobbes, and John Locke were forming new ideas of society and government, a war had started between Britain and its American colonies. The colonists claimed their government was failing to provide for its citizens, sharing Locke’s views of the natural rights of men that a government was meant to…
Politically the colonies had gone through many key changes in ideology that gave the idea of revolution the traction that it would need to gain public support. The people that encouraged revolution such as Thomas Paine, the writer of the essay entitled common sense, would be crucial in uniting the American people into a fighting force that could withstand the terrible devastation that a war with Britain would precipitate. Another political ideology that would prove crucial was the enlightenment movement that started before the Revolution. Enlightenment was a movement spearheaded by intellectuals. These reformers sought to challenge ideas that were accepted as common place in their respective societies. The unrepresented taxation by the British was one of the many policy that had become simply accepted without resistance or action until the enlightenment movement. Colonists were able to see that the world that they lived in was unfair and that it was within their power to change that and make it right. Overall politics had a very profound effect in uniting the people of the United States under certain ideologies. This unification allowed them to start the revolution. Although politics would not win them any fighting once the war had begun it was a crucial aspect of why the colonies were able to win the war.…
If this contract was not kept, the people had the right to overthrow the government. There was also the idea or the Separation of Powers. It was the idea that the government should be split into branches. The British government was mistreating the colonies. The king was passing crazy laws and taxes and the people were getting mad.…
A political principle of Locke and the Founding Fathers that I think should continue to be implemented today is his law called “State of Nature”. This law states that people should be kept the rights which they are born with which are life, liberty, and property. John Locke believed that human beings were born with certain divine rights, the right to live, the right to liberty, the right to good health etc. he argued that these rights alone, the "natural rights", are solely capable of maintaining a harmonious society. “The founders believed that upholding these rights should be the government's central purpose.” ( 29 Canon) The founders believed human beings are perfectly capable of governing themselves as the respect for human rights. It is…
In discussing the American revolution, the role of individual liberty and equality is at the forefront of important matters. While the war was viewed holistically as struggle between Great Britain and the colonists, there were also important internal issues among the colonists themselves. For instance, the equality of people among different social classes, races and genders played a serious role in terms of determining what kind of nation would most effectively foster equality. In Eric Foner’s Give Me Liberty, chapter six offered insight into how these internal struggles manifested and what kind of implications they had. While matters such as social class, race and gender were important during the American Revolution, these factors were just few of many others related to the broader theme of equality. Throughout the secondary accounts of various social issues during the revolution, other facets of society such as religion and political views were also relevant to the discussion. Mainly, religious freedom was something that was also taken into account. In the segment titled Toward Religious Toleration, the author outlined that church and state had to be separated in order to ensure that people’s views were not used as means by which others were oppressed. James Madison even outlined that the United States of America would be a haven for those that were religiously oppressed in other nations. The attention paid towards religion reflected a much broader focus on holistic freedom. Despite this, the revolution was also a struggle with regards to freedom of opinion. For instance, The Limits of Liberty outlined that loyalists, or “those who retained their allegiance in the Crown,” were forced to swear allegiance and even chose to emigrate in some instances. This represented the nature of internal struggles within the revolution that extended beyond just Great Britain. Surely, not everyone in the revolution agreed that a new order was the right course of action for the…
The Enlightenment, which largely took place in Europe during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, was an intellectual movement that focused on the development of reason and secularism, rather than spirituality. As a result, it directly influenced political and economic policy, especially within the British colonies. One very well-known philosopher was, John Locke; he argued the ideas of natural rights, social contract, and revolution. At their essence, these three concepts proved to be the philosophical basis for the colonies’ protest movement against imperial British policy. Natural rights are defined by a specific group of entitlements, such as freedom, privacy, and life, which are granted to every human being despite them not being written in law.…
At first sight, Locke’s The Second Treatise of Government, seemed quite similar to Hobbes’s Leviathan. They both believed that a state of nature is a state that exist without government. They believe that men are created equal in this state, however Hobbes argues that because of self-preservation, man possessed the desire to control over other man. Locke, on the other hand, reasons with a more peaceful and pleasant place.…
John Locke’s ideas on natural rights pushed the colonists even further to gain their independence. “Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness,” was the quote that changed most of the American colonists’ minds into being a free country. Britain forced the colonists to house British soldiers, taxed the colonies without representation, and restricted free trade. The British even closed the Boston port and after the Boston Tea Party, colonists could not be tried in local courts, they were sent to a British admiralty court. The Americans were fumed by these restrictions and were closer to declaring for their liberty.…
Locke presents several key ideas in his Treatise; his notions on the origins of property, usurpations, tyranny, and the dissolution of government provide the key arguments for this work. The chronologically first, Of Property, discusses Locke’s theories on the origins of property. He claims that in nature, what makes something the property of one man as opposed to all mankind is the labor he puts into it. He has right to all he can use without letting withered, and should he chose; he may barter what is left for something that will not perish. Locke believes this to be the origin of money.…
However, taxes and ideas are one in the same and are both directly correlated to both the Magna Carta and the Social Contract. The early American documents outlined the “abuses of power by a tyrannical monarch, including arbitrary imprisonment and excessive taxation, against whom they were willing to take arms.” The reasons why the revolution was fuelled by both was firstly, the colonists were always being patrolled by British troops; in which they helped to supply and work for. Secondly, to gain more control, the British started placing taxes on the economy of the colonists’ which led to financial depression. Lastly, the colonists were not given a fair trial or voice in any more of the new rules and taxes being added to their society. Money has a big effect; however, pride would also have the power to spark a…
The political aspect of the American Revolution was that the British government wasn't letting colonists own certain land or go certain places. The colonists had to abide by new laws made very frequently so that they wouldn't defeat the British without a fight. Most people disobeyed the laws and acted as if they didn't exist, and many people were sentenced unjustly for doing so. The British are always making new laws stating whether or not colonists can do certain things. The colonists soon disregard the new laws because they no longer care what happens to them as long as they are…
The British exerted many forces upon its colonies, some quite tyrannical. In efforts to control the colonies out of the foreseeing that they will inevitably become too far out of control for the British government to handle and tamp down, many injustices were committed against the growing identity of the Americans‚ Among these injustices included anything from requiring a revenue stamp to be placed on all documents to shutting down trade until all the damaged tea was repaid from the protest of the Boston Tea Party. The colonists absolutely hated the restrictions being made upon them from this far off island that was England. The policy that really got underneath peoples' skin was the enforcement of taxes upon America without any consent from the local representatives of the colonies. The peoples' demand for no taxation without representation was an integral part of motivating both the American Revolution and the push for democracy. Not only were the people of the colonies given rights simply as human beings, but also due to these rights it is their prerogative to govern themselves. These natural rights were being infringed upon through the imposed taxation which only added to all the other reasons for revolting.…