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Essay Question: Discuss the cases of Roger Williams and Anne Hutchingson. Why were Williams and Hutchinson perceived as threats by the Puritan authorities? What do these cases tell us about the belief system of the Puritan authorities in Massachusetts Bay colony?…
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English attorney John Winthrop represented the new gentry that had flourished under the Tudor regime, but despite his privileged position Winthrop became increasingly disenchanted with the oppressive and corrupt Stuart monarchy. A time when Charles I, a true believer of the divine right of kings, decided to rule without parliamentary consent, and imprison Puritan parliamentary leaders in 1629. Winthrop penned A Model of Christian Charity in response to his disillusionment on his way to New England on the Arbella in 1630, joining the first large contingent of Puritans who left England in order to establish the godly commonwealth. Leaving behind his lay life as a modest gentleman, ahead lay the wilderness and a vision that English circumstances had frustrated.It can be read, as can so many Puritan statements as "restorationist," that is envisioning a social order in New England that would recapture the serenity of a imagined English past of a well-defined place for all, with clearly understood and easily fulfilled obligations within the social hierarchy. It laid out the model for transition as Winthrop saw it, seeking…
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“Mrs. Hutchinson, you are called here as one of those that have troubled the peace of the commonwealth and the churches here. You are known to be a woman that hath had a great share in the promoting and divulging of those opinions that are causes of this trouble…” These are some stone hard words that John Winthrop spoke to/about Anne Hutchinson on her first trial day. While, he was speaking these harsh words that day it is said that Anne stood listening to the charges without even flitching. How did Anne Hutchinson versus Massachusetts effect historical, social, cultural, political, economic and global forces in the seventeenth century and present day?…
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Anne Hutchinson was a religious leader who brought attention to the Cotton’s spiritual- centered theory. In doing this should would have weekly meetings and she was be similar to todays, present minster. Although, she slandered the male clergy. In the midst of doing this she was punished. Here punishment consisted of being banished. This punishment was brought upon her by the General Court of Massachusetts. Also with her punishment she was excommunicated from the church of Boston. She was best known as a Puritan spiritual leader. Her heresy itself was more inclined in the belief that if a person was saved by Christ, than from there on out they were allowed to sin freely.…
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During the early colonization of the East coast of North America, many groups of people of Europe came to the New World such as the Puritans and Quakers. Both the Puritans, led by John Winthrop, and the Quakers, led by William Penn, were escaping persecution from England but each they had their own views and goals in religion, politics, and ethnic relations. Being on the native land of the local Indians, both Penn and Winthrop had to face issues and negotiations with the Indians. Penn and Winthrop had their own separate approaches to politics but they both sought a more just system than the one in England. After being persecuted, both Penn and Winthrop wanted their people to be free worship, but Penn and Winthrop each had their own approach to the institution and toleration of religion.…
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Hutchinson was considered “an outbreak of dangerous individualism” with her Quaker idea of “inner light” which allowed everyone direct access to God (http://xroads.virginia.edu/%7eCAP/PURITAN/purhist.html#pil, 5). This was in direct conflict with the Puritan belief that “the Bible was the Lord’s revealed word, and only through it does He directly communicate to human beings” http://xroads.virginia.edu/%7eCAP/PURITAN/purhist.html#pil, 5). At the church of Boston, she was thought to have brought two errors with…
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Anne Hutchinson was a Puritan woman whose acts of not agreeing with the Puritan doctrine had her excommunicated from the church. Anne did not believe that the people were predestined to go to Heaven or Hell but it would be determined based on their works. Accused of Blasphemy Anne was sent to court because of her actions which is now known as the Anne Hutchinson versus Massachusetts case. This case shows the effects of Political, Social and Historical.…
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Anne Hutchinson was a strong willed and intelligent woman that lived in 1637 in the Massachusetts Bay colony. She opposed both John Winthrop, governor of the colony, as well as the Puritan church leaders who had a different set of beliefs from her, and made up the court of elected officials that assisted the governor. She was banished from the colony in 1638 on charges of blasphemy, because she claimed to have direct and divine inspiration from the Holy Spirit, in a Puritan community it was thought that only preachers and other church leaders could see God, this idea was known as the covenant of works. Anne Hutchinson was a believer in the covenant of grace where God could show himself to anyone at anytime. Anne Hutchinson had a bold personality, many problems with Puritan leadership and their beliefs, and was banished from the colony on charges of blasphemy in a controversial trial.…
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Anne Hutchinson went against all what was right and said that god spoke through her to others. She held meetings at her home to discuss god and the bible and to share her beliefs with others. John Winthrop and many others thought this was absolutely absurd and they decided to banish her from the colony. She was banished to the colony of New York and was soon killed by Indians in an Indian raid.…
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Everyone has different opinions and beliefs, which should all be respected by others. However, back in the 16th century freedom of expression was not “allowed”. Anne Hutchinson had her own judgements about religion, back then Puritans felt that with good behavior you can earn salvation, this theory is also referred to as the Covenant of Works, but Hutchinson felt otherwise. Anne Hutchinson felt as if their “theory” was false. She felt that God’s grace was the only way to overcome sin, this theory is referred to as the Covenant of Grace.…
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John Winthrop is a symbol of the lifespan of the Puritan community, in his life, he entirely devoted his time and resources to support the Puritans. Having fled from the New England to America, Winthrop established himself in the Boston City where he continued to serve as a puritan. Winthrop is a great decision maker, at a time when the church had oppressive rules, unlike those who opted to fight the church from outside, who chose to be a puritan and when he realised he could not achieve his desires he wanted to move to America. John is an evident example of one who fights for the truth which he believes. He is indeed a great puritan who positively changed the American colonial history.…
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Have you ever heard of the “Salem witch trials”? Arthur Miller’s story “The Crucible” takes place in Salem, Massachusetts in 1692. One of the many main characters Samuel Parris’ daughter, Betty is inert after dancing in the woods with a family servant by the name of Tituba. Parris tries to get the truth out of his other niece, Abigail to see whether or not they are guilty in witchcraft. Meanwhile, Abigail Adams story “Letters to John Adams” consists of two letters written to her husband, John Adams. These letters focus on Abigail addressing many things to her husband; however, one of them is women need the same treatment men have. Society made women feel less of themselves whereas religion says women must do as the husband says. Religion…
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Imagine being sent away in disgust from a society founded on the ideals of religious freedom for practicing just that. In 1638, Anne Hutchinson was expelled from the Massachusetts Bay colony for spread of independent theology amongst men and women outside of her expected submissive societal role. Anne Hutchinson worked to better understand her religion as an independent mind, which resulted in her exile and exemplifies the negative responsiveness to woman existing outside of submissive roles at the time.…
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In Puritan led Massachusetts Bay Colony during the days of Anne Hutchinson was an intriguing place to have lived. It was designed ideally as a holy mission in the New World called the "city upon a hill," a mission to provide a prime example of how protestant lives should have subsisted of. A key ingredient to the success of the Puritan community was the cohesion of the community as a whole, which was created by a high level of conformity in the colony. Puritan leaders provided leadership for all facets of life; socially, economically, religiously, and even politically. A certain hierarchy was very apparent in the Massachusetts Bay Colony, in which ministers always seemed to have gotten their way. Governor Winthrop got his way in 1637 by banishing a woman, Anne Hutchinson, whom he thought posed a threat to the structure of the colony. I believe that there is a legit rationale for her banishment, this being her religious ideas that were very close to that of the Antinomians who Governor Winthrop was not too fond of. I also think that this was not the primal reason. In my mind, Anne's gender played a large role in determining whether or not she actually posed a serious threat to the solidarity of Massachusetts.…
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Winthrop was born in Suffolk, England, his father was a lawyer and owned a textile business and several properties in Suffolk. John Winthrop was deeply involved in religion from a very young age, he would often sit and listen to his father talk about religion with his…
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