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For other people named John Alexander Macdonald, see John Alexander Macdonald (disambiguation).
The Right HonourableSir John A. MacdonaldGCB KCMG PC PC (Can) QC | | | | Sir John A. Macdonald shortly after his win in the 1878 election. | | 1st Prime Minister of Canada | | In office17 October 1878 – 6 June 1891 | | Monarch | Victoria | Governor General | Earl of DufferinMarquess of LorneMarquess of LansdowneLord Stanley of Preston | Preceded by | Alexander Mackenzie | Succeeded by | John Abbott | In office1 July 1867 – 5 November 1873 | | Monarch | Victoria | Governor General | Viscount MonckBaron LisgarEarl of Dufferin | Preceded by | Position Established | Succeeded by | Alexander Mackenzie | Personal details | | Born | John Alexander Macdonald11 January 1815Glasgow, Scotland | Died | 6 June 1891 (aged 76)Ottawa, Ontario | Political party | Liberal-Conservative (evolved into Conservative Party) | Spouse(s) | Isabella Clark (1843–1857, died)Agnes Bernard (1867–1891, survived as widow) | Children | John Alexander (died in infancy) and Hugh John by Isabella;Mary by Agnes. | Alma mater | none (articled with a lawyer in Kingston) | Profession | Lawyer | Religion | Presbyterian; later Anglican | Signature | | Nickname(s) | Sir John A., The Old Chieftain, Old Tomorrow |
Sir John Alexander Macdonald, GCB, KCMG, PC, PC (Can), QC (11 January 1815 – 6 June 1891), was the first Prime Minister of Canada. The dominant figure of Canadian Confederation, he had a political career which spanned almost half a century. Macdonald served 19 years as Canadian Prime Minister; only William Lyon Mackenzie King served longer.
Macdonald was born in Scotland; when he was a boy his family emigrated to Kingston, Upper Canada (today in eastern Ontario). He articled with a local lawyer, who died before Macdonald qualified, and Macdonald opened his