Joseph Mazzini's Definition Of A Nation

1.NEW What is a nation? In my opinion, a nation is a group of people belonging to all different races and religions, but still living together in peace under one democratic title, “nation.” Many great writers of the nineteenth and early twentieth century hold vast ideas about nation, because of the circumstances they faced. While, my definition of nation is based on the democratic life I have spent, Abbe Emmanuel-Joseph Sieyes, a middle-class clergy, defined it by observing the estate system of his time. Writers such as Joseph Mazzini, Karl Marx, Rupert Brooke, Benito Mussolini, and Adolf Hitler modified Sieyes’ definition according to their thoughts in order to bring peace. Few came up with a different idea which was applicable in their
He said that the doctrines of Revolution taught that the men were born for happiness and they had right to over through any barrier to obtain that deserving happiness, but still the condition did not improve and as the population increased, progression got more slower. He also said that having an education did not even help, because workingmen do not get equal opportunities. According to Mazzini, the only way to prevent all this was that the upper classes would reduce work hours and increase wages; and give credits to workingmen with positive intentions because, war starts whenever workingmen and upper class individuals’ rights are clashing. He argued that the workingmen were asked to make sacrifices for their country, but how can they sacrifice anything for their country, if they themselves were making so many sacrifices to achieve the end goal of happiness. In his definition of nation, he asked for unity to make everyone’s living better in a hope that one day everyone’s single efforts will benefit humanity. He said, “Before men can associate with the nations of which Humanity is composed, they must have a national existence. There is no true association except among equals” (Mazzini; 7) He advised to say We, instead of I and unite every class to make it a country of all and for
Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler were the leaders of this thought and this style of government. Mussolini, a socialist and a prime minister of Rome, defined Fascism as a practice, thought, unity of individuals by making individual sacrifices, religious beliefs, historical conception by having cultural customs, opposition of liberalism by having fascist conception for the State, having, “liberty of the State and of the individual within the State,” (Mussolini; 2) opposition of socialism, opposition of syndicalism, opposition of democracy, and nation being created by the state. His definition of peaceful nation was found in having a fascist state. He said, “The Fascist State, the highest and most powerful form of personality, is a force, but a spiritual force, which takes over all the forms of the moral and intellectual life of man.” (Mussolini; 3) He believed that Fascism needed men who would participate with all their potential. He also believed that Fascism was born in the need of action, it is considered as a development of humanity by not suppressing them, but multiplying, and the Fascist state will not have theology, but