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Korean
Pronunciation

Vowels

ㅏ [a] | ㅑ [ya] | ㅓ [eo] | ㅕ [yeo] | ㅗ [o] | ㅛ [yo] | ㅜ [u] | ㅠ [yu] | ㅡ [eu] | ㅣ [i] | | |

ㅐ [ae] | ㅒ [yae] | ㅔ [e] | ㅖ [ye] | ㅘ [wa] | ㅙ [wae] | ㅚ [oe] | ㅝ [wo] | ㅞ [we] | ㅟ [wi] | ㅢ [ui] | |

Consonants

ㄱ [g/k] | ㄴ [n] | ㄷ [d/t] | ㄹ [r/l] | ㅁ [m] | ㅂ [b/p] | ㅅ [s] | ㅇ [ng] | ㅈ [j] | ㅊ [ch] | ㅋ [k] | ㅌ [t] | ㅍ [p] | ㅎ [h] | | |

ㄲ [kk] | ㄸ [tt] | ㅃ [pp] | ㅆ [ss] | ㅉ [jj] | | | |

Final Consonant

Final Consonant | Pronunciation | ㄱ, ㅋ, ㄲ | [k] | ㄴ | [n] | ㄷ, ㅅ, ㅆ, ㅈ, ㅊ, ㅌ, ㅎ | [t] | ㄹ | [l] | ㅁ | [m] | ㅂ, ㅍ | [p] | ㅇ | [o] |

Consonant

Plain consonant
ㄱ, ㄴ, ㄷ, ㄹ, ㅁ, ㅂ, ㅅ, ㅇ

Aspirated consonant
ㅊ, ㅋ, ㅌ, ㅍ, ㅎ

Tensed consonant
ㄲ, ㄸ, ㅃ, ㅆ, ㅉ

Pronunciation Rules

1. Syllable-Final Consonants Pronunciation

Initial position | → | CV | | | | | C | ← | Final position |

Group 1 ㄴ ㄹ ㅁ ㅇ No Change => 산 말 강

Group 2 ㄱ ㅋ ㄲ ㄱ => 억 엌 엮

Group 3 ㅂ ㅍ ㅂ => 밥 엎

Group 4 ㄷ ㅅ ㅈ ㅊ ㅌ ㅎ ㅆ ㄷ => 옷 꽃 잦

Pronunciation Rules

2. Tensing

CVC | + | CV | | CVC | CV | ↑ | | ↑ | | | ↑ | ㄱ ㅋ ㄲ ㄷ ㅌ ㅂ ㅍ ㅅ ㅆ ㅈ ㅊ | | ㄱ ㄷ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ | | | ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉ |

학 교 => /학꾜/
책상 => /책쌍/
극장 => /극 짱/
식당 => /식땅/

Pronunciation Rules

3. Liaison

CVC | + | CV | | CV | CV | ↑ | | ↑ | | | ↑ | 18Consonants(except ㅇ) | | ㅇ | | | 18Consonants |

있어요 => /이써요/
꽃이 => /꼬치/
금요일 => /그 묘일/
몇일 => /며칠/

Simple Greetings (인사)

1. 안녕하세요?

Meaning
How are you today?
Good morning/ afternoon/ evening!
How are you?

Origin
Are you safe and healthy?

Usage
This expression is used:
A. When you meet people and exchange greetings.
B. When you encounter your colleagues at your company in the morning or then you meet your classmates in the morning.

Simple Greetings (인사)

2. 안녕히 계세요.

Meaning
See you again. Good-bye.

Origin
안녕히 means ‘safety and healthily’. 계세요 means ‘stay home’. A literal translation of안녕히 계세요 means ‘Please be Safe and
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