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Krisis Tiroid Jarang Terjada Case Study

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Krisis Tiroid Jarang Terjada Case Study
BAB I
PENDAHULUAN
1.1. Latar Belakang
Angka kejadian krisis tiroid jarang terjadi. Krisis tiroid umumnya merupakan komplikasi dari hipertiroid, bisa juga datang pada keadaan toksik multinoduler goiter. Keadaan krisis tiroid juga terjadi dalam keadaaan, seperti : trauma, infeksi, kehamilan, tindakan operatif, pemberian iodine berlebih.
Pada klien krisis tiroid klien menunjukkan keadaan hypermetabolik, yang ditandai dengan demam tinggi, tachycardia, mual, muntah, agitasi dan psikosis. Pada tahap lanjut, klien bisa jatuh dalam keadaan stupor atau komatus yang disertai dengan hypotensi.
Krisis tiroid adalah penyakit yang jarang terjadi, yaitu hanya terjadi sekitar 1-2% pasien hypertiroidisme. Sedangkan insidensi keseluruhan hipertiroidisme sendiri
…show more content…
Pasien dengan krisis tiroid dilaporkan memiliki kadar hormon tiroid yang lebih tinggi daripada pasien dengan tirotoksikosis tanpa komplikasi meskipun kadar hormon tiroid total tidak meningkat. pengaktifan reseptor adrenergik adalah hipotesis lain yang muncul. Saraf simpatik menginervasi kelenjar tiroid dan katekolamin merangsang sintesis hormon tiroid. Berikutnya, peningkatan hormon tiroid meningkatkan kepadatan reseptor beta-adrenergik sehingga menamnah efek katekolamin. Respon dramatis krisis tiroid terhadap beta-blockers dan munculnya krisis tiroid setelah tertelan obat adrenergik, seperti pseudoefedrin, mendukung teori ini. Teori ini juga menjelaskan rendah atau normalnya kadar plasma dan kecepatan ekskresi urin katekolamin. Namun, teori ini tidak menjelaskan mengapa beta-blockers¬ gagal menurunkan kadar hormon tiroid pada …show more content…
Keadaan hipermetabolik yang berlebihan dengan peningkatan transit usus dan takipnu akan membawa pada kehilangan cairan yang cukup bermakna. Kebutuhan cairan dapat meningkat menjadi 3-5 L per hari. Dengan demikian, pengawasan invasif disarankan pada pasien-pasien lanjut usia dan dengan gagal jantung kongestif. Agen yang meningkatkan tekanan darah dapat digunakan saat hipotensi menetap setelah penggantian cairan yang adekuat. Berikan pulan cairan intravena yang mengandung glukosa untuk mendukung kebutuhan gizi. Multivitamin, terutama vitamin B1, dapat ditambahkan untuk mencegah ensefalopati Wernicke. Hipertermia diatasi melalui aksi sentral dan perifer. Asetaminofen merupakan obat pilihan untuk hal tersebut karena aspirin dapat menggantikan hormon tiroid untuk terikat pada reseptornya dan malah meningkatkan beratnya krisis tiroid. Spons yang dingin, es, dan alkohol dapat digunakan untuk menyerap panas secara perifer. Oksigen yang dihumidifikasi dingin disarankan untuk pasien

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