Preview

LSD: The CIA, The Sixties, And Beyond

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
138547 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
LSD: The CIA, The Sixties, And Beyond
Acid Dreams
The Complete Social History of LSD: The CIA, The Sixties, and Beyond

Authors: Martin A. Lee, Bruce Shlain Publisher: Grove Press Date: 1985 ISBN: 0-802-13062-3

“We do not see things as they are, we see them as we are.” —Old Talmudic saying

Table of Contents
Introduction: Whose Worlds Are These? .................................................................3 Prologue..................................................................................................................5 Part One: The Roots of Psychedelia.......................................................................13 1 In The Beginning There Was Madness … ................................................................ 13 2 Psychedelic Pioneers............................................................................................
…show more content…
For a while he feared he was losing his mind: "Occasionally I felt as if I were out of my body …. I thought I had died. My 'ego ' was suspended somewhere in space and I saw my body lying dead on the sofa." Somehow Hofmann summoned the courage to endure this mind-wrenching ordeal. As the trip wore on, his psychic condition began to improve, and eventually he was able to explore the hallucinogenic terrain with a modicum of composure. He spent the remaining hours absorbed in a synesthetic swoon, bearing witness as each sound triggered a corresponding optical effect, and vice versa, until he fell into a fitful sleep. The next morning he awoke feeling perfectly fine. And so it was that Dr. Albert Hofmann made his fateful discovery. Right from the start he sensed that LSD could be an important tool for studying how the mind works, and he was pleased when the scientific community began to use the drug for this purpose. But he did not anticipate that his "problem child," as he later referred to LSD, would have such enormous social and cultural impact in the years to come. Nor could he have foreseen that one day he would be revered as a near-mythic figure by a generation of acid …show more content…
"The LSD movement was started by the CIA," quipped Timothy Leary with a wide grin on his face. "I wouldn 't be here now without the foresight of the CIA scientists." The one-time Pied Piper of the flower children was in top form, laughing and joking with reporters, as though he hadn 't been chased halfway around the world by US narcotics police and spent the last few years in prison. "It was no accident," Leary mused. "It was all planned and scripted by the Central Intelligence, and I 'm all in favor of Central Intelligence." A jovial mood prevailed throughout much of the panel discussion. Old comrades who had not seen each other for a long time swapped tales of acid glory and reminisced about the wild and unforgettable escapades of yesteryear. "As I look at my colleagues and myself," said Richard Alpert, one of Leary 's original cohorts at Harvard University in the early 1960s, "I see we have proceeded just as we wished to, despite all conditions. I feel that what we are doing today is partly demonstrating that we are not psychotic!" Alpert went on to declare that he didn 't care if he ever took LSD again but that he appreciated what his hundreds of trips had taught him and hoped there would be a more favorable climate for serious LSD research in the near

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    LSD is a recreational drug and is considered a hallucinogen; it is known for its effects on the thinking process, false visuals, altered senses of time and mind. Many musical artists, writers and musicians used LSD to help them create. Psychedelics became part of the culture itself and motivated many of the iconic items of the 1960’s. The use started in the Hippie culture which was the antithesis of the conservative culture of the 1950’s. They brought along such things as tie-dye shirts, black lights, free-spirits and embraced drugs and sexual freedom. They also embraced peace and love and were against the violence and prejudice of the times. The hippies, who were manly in New York and San Francisco, drug use and culture influenced literature, art and music. The biggest example of the LSD influence was definitely the music. Many great musicians and song writers appeared during the 1960’s and were know their drug use. Artist such as Jimi Hendrix, The Grateful Dead, Jim Morrison, the Beatles, and Janis Joplin were the poster children for LSD use and music. In what is considered one the greatest festivals of all time Woodstock Festival was considered a landmark event not only for the music and culture but also for the decade of the 1960s. The three day event occurred on 15-18 August 1969 in upstate New York. The festival attracted an estimated three hundred to four hundred thousand people. LSD and other drugs were prominently used and many of the artists who used them preformed during the festival. This accomplishment was so successful that many other people attempted to recreate it. It may seem odd that a drug or drugs could influence an entire culture that made such a huge impact on the society of the time but, it seems that a little drop of Acid could go a long…

    • 1882 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    I do agree with Eric that it is surprising to learn that “psychedelic” music style was based on the premise of trying to re-create an LSD trip through music. I was also amazed to learn that “Paul McCartney indirectly promoted psychedelic music by publicly admitting he had taken LSD” (Michael Hicks 63) even though his fellow band member, George Harrison, disapproved of it. It’s just interesting to learn that an enormously popular band like the Beatles would use drugs to enhance their music-making. A large part of why this information was interesting to learn was because Michael Hicks uses a point by point writing structure in this chapter. He starts off about talking about the origins of LSD, how that transitioned to music, and how musicians…

    • 199 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    LSD, lysergic acid diethylamide, is commonly regarded as one of the most powerful substances known to mankind. Its name is almost synonymous with the counterculture and the “hippy” movement of the 1960s. Though it is now listed as a Schedule I controlled substance, there was a time when LSD widely used and accepted without the harsh social stigma that it carries today (Jenkins).…

    • 937 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Although Richard Nixon first declared a “war on drugs” in 1971, the war escalated during the Reagan presidency and shifted its focus from treatment toward incarceration and law enforcement. As George Moss and Evan Thomas explain, Reagan came to Washington “committed to waging a war on drugs and bringing the international drug trade under control” in 1981. Thanks to the rise of the Medellin Cartel in Colombia and other cartels in Latin America during the 1980s, illegal drug trade networks flourished, and America became “the world’s major consumer of illicit drugs.” This increased usage of drugs led to many social crises, including heightened urban crime and health problems, which encouraged both the Reagan administration and private groups…

    • 1367 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Timothy Leary as a Hero

    • 1250 Words
    • 5 Pages

    No man has shown more courage in the face of adversity than Timothy Leary. One great example of his valor comes from his early years as a cadet at West Point during the 1940 's. After indulging in a quantity of alcohol with some upperclassmen after a football game one evening, Leary found himself before the Cadet Honor Committee of West Point awaiting punishment. The committee decreed that he must avoid social contact of any kind, despite the fact that during his court-martial the charges brought upon him were hastily dropped. For nine months he survived this involuntary solitude, until finally the school asked him to resign because of "moral problems" that his punishment was causing. Leary agreed on the condition that his innocence would be announced in the mess hall. Two days later, he left West Point. Long afterward, after earning a doctorate in psychology and serving several professorships at prestigious institutions as Berkley and Harvard, Dr. Timothy Leary developed an interest in what he would later become famous for: psychedelics. Originally his studies were sponsored by Harvard, but after drug abuse became a major target of the mass media and politicians, a…

    • 1250 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Mkultra

    • 1256 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Of the many MKULTRA experiments, the most notorious was the CIA’s study of the drug Lysergic Acid Diethylamide, more commonly known as LSD. The drug fascinated the CIA and they hoped that it or a similar drug would give the United States the upper hand against foreign powers in the mind wars. They also wanted a drug that could…

    • 1256 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    “At a London soiree, Lennon sips coffee secretly spiked with LSD. ‘IT was just terrifying,’ he later says, ‘but it was fantastic.’ By his own tally, he will trip ‘a thousand’ times over the next few years (Romano par. 5).” This is not to say John had never done drugs before that moment. He had been used many lighter drugs for years before this moment, but the first time he used LSD use a life changing moment for him. It shaped the way he thought, it changed the way he wrote his music, and it negatively affected the way he treated the people he loved. This is not the only source of his mistreatment toured his…

    • 822 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    He started to feel that the patients were not really crazy after all, just more individualized than society was willing to accept. Parts of this novel were written while he was under the influence of LSD and peyote. Kesey 's specialty at the time was green Kool-Aid laced with LSD (par. 2).…

    • 1237 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    LSD In The 1960s

    • 1519 Words
    • 7 Pages

    LSD is being used as an excuse for people to connect their inner spirituality. In both sources, the scientists insisted religion and God are what one makes it be. God can be found in anything or anyone. In this case, LSD was their symbol. They both stated how the scientists experimented with the drug and conducted experiments on college students to the effects of it . A As stated in Storming Heaven the curious scientists were considered holy men after experimenting with LSD. This was better than any sort of religion. (Stevens, 1987). The secondary source Acid Revolution and Beyond, related more to Acid Dreams this is because Acid Dreams spoke in depth of the different scientists that were involved in the process of the evolution, and the Acid Revolution and beyond, essentially followed in the footsteps of this source. Acid dreams gave readers a different perspective of the sixties and on LSD. More importantly, this source, explained the topic of LSD in much more detail, as the events were documented at the time of the…

    • 1519 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    The history associated with drug criminalization in America contains more political motivators than concerns for public health and safety. The biggest politically motivated aspect to drug deterrence comes from Richard Nixon’s s war on drugs in 1971 which has created a system that discriminates against minority groups and has had little effect on deterring drug use. The war on drugs has thus far been notoriously noted for discriminating against people of color by pumping drugs into their communities and then imposing severe criminal consequences for drug possession, use, or distribution. In fact, one of Nixon’s aides John Ehrlichmen stated that the war on drugs was intended for the following:…

    • 802 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Cold War (MKULTA)

    • 1046 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Passie explains LSD is a physiological drug known for its ability to change the thinking process. While it is not considered addictive it can lead to other psychiatric reactions such as paranoia and delusions (Passie, Halpern, Stichtenoth, Emrich, & Hintzen, 2008). In 1953, once MKULTRA officially began, LSD was the first phase of experiments. LSD was initially used on mental patients in the state of Kentucky for 174 days to determine the effects on the brain after long term exposure. Use of LSD on CIA agents and military personnel were also conducted in the form of interrogation procedures to determine if it was an effective tool to coax sensitive information (McCoy, 2006, p.…

    • 1046 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    One general model of hallucinations is the ‘neurophysiological dissociation’ theory proposed by Marrazzi (1962, as cited in Slade 1976). He found that LSD produced inhibition of the association areas without affecting the primary visual cortex. He proposed that hallucinogenic drugs have their effect by producing a functional dissociation between the…

    • 1350 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Counterculture Movement

    • 889 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Life in the United States has not always been as tolerant as people know it as today. The 1960’s was a period of time which brought about radical changes for the country. Counterculture movements, such as the Civil Rights movement, the gay liberation movement and the feminist movement flooded the United States. These movements were intended to defy societal norms and create new perspectives on pre-established conventions. One of these movements, known as the Psychedelic Movement, was especially important in shaping the culture of the country, as well as that of the world. In 1965-1969, the exploration of psychedelics and hallucinogenic drugs positively affected the development of the United States by generating new perspectives on religion,…

    • 889 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    During the 1960s the mainstream drug use was a crucial aspect of the hippie culture, and many of the youth saw using drugs as making a statement. The most popular drugs were Marijuana and LSD, both mid-altering drugs. LSD is a hallucinogen, meaning it affects the central nervous system and changes the way a person sees and feels the reality. One reason hippies turned to LSD was because they needed a culture when they no longer trusted the natural world, and LSD gave this to them. The entire hippie culture centered on LSD, impacting the music, art, and living of the hippies, and this was the first time something like this occurred. These impacts were seen specifically through acid tests, festivals that essentially celebrated LSD, from which the psychedelic style emerged. One explanation for the popularity of LSD is the strong influence and association it had with the psychedelic rock of the sixties. At concerts taking the drug was almost seen as a necessity. After the 1960s, the risks of using LSD became better known. LSD is unpredictable, and many situations in which it had caused death were being publicized through the media. While LSD usage dropped significantly after the 1960s, marijuana and more casual, widespread drug use was a legacy of the counterculture, and hippies specifically. Drugs redefined the Western world-view, as they destroyed the traditions of time,…

    • 1411 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    ‘We see and understand things not as they are but as we are’ Discuss this claim in relation to at least two ways of knowing…

    • 1586 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays