Lab 2
Solvent/Water Trap Diagram
Rodney Atwaters
Halle Bair
May 28, 2013
Chemistry 36100
Introduction
The purpose of this lab was to produce benzoic acid by mixing sodium benzoate with hydrochloric acid. The Hydrochloric acid used in the experiment was a stock solution made by mixing HCl Acid and deionized water. HCl acid, historically called, muriatic acid or spirits of salt, hydrochloric acid is produced from sulfuric acid and common salt, NaCl (Princeton.edu). Since the early 1900 's, sodium benzoate has been used as a food preservative (SolarNavigator). It is utilized in a wide range of preservative applications due to its antimicrobial action combined with its low toxicity and low taste (SolarNavigator).
It this lab, the theory used applied to understanding ho to use theoretical yield to get the percent yield. The theoretical yield of a reaction is the amount of product that would be formed if the reaction went to completion and is based on the stoichiometry of the reaction and ideal conditions in which starting material is completely consumed, undesired side reactions do not occur, the reverse reaction does not occur, and there no losses in the work-up procedure (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry).
Experimental Method
Hazards/Warnings
A hazard of working with hydrochloric acid is that it could burn the skin if too much comes in contact with skin (Sciencelab1). If this happens rinse skin thoroughly under running water and alert the lab professor.
A hazard of working with sodium benzoate is that sodium benzoate should not be inhaled, ingested, or come in contact with skin (Sciencelab1). If this happens take the precautions necessary to remove sodium benzoate from skin by washing thoroughly. Also note the acid form of sodium benzoate formed when mixing sodium benzoate with HCl Acid, Benzoic Acid, the hazards aforementioned also apply.
Materials List * Vacuum Aspirator * HCl Acid (Stock Solution) * Parafilm * 2 thick rubber
Rodney Atwaters
Halle Bair
May 28, 2013
Chemistry 36100
Introduction
The purpose of this lab was to produce benzoic acid by mixing sodium benzoate with hydrochloric acid. The Hydrochloric acid used in the experiment was a stock solution made by mixing HCl Acid and deionized water. HCl acid, historically called, muriatic acid or spirits of salt, hydrochloric acid is produced from sulfuric acid and common salt, NaCl (Princeton.edu). Since the early 1900 's, sodium benzoate has been used as a food preservative (SolarNavigator). It is utilized in a wide range of preservative applications due to its antimicrobial action combined with its low toxicity and low taste (SolarNavigator).
It this lab, the theory used applied to understanding ho to use theoretical yield to get the percent yield. The theoretical yield of a reaction is the amount of product that would be formed if the reaction went to completion and is based on the stoichiometry of the reaction and ideal conditions in which starting material is completely consumed, undesired side reactions do not occur, the reverse reaction does not occur, and there no losses in the work-up procedure (Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry).
Experimental Method
Hazards/Warnings
A hazard of working with hydrochloric acid is that it could burn the skin if too much comes in contact with skin (Sciencelab1). If this happens rinse skin thoroughly under running water and alert the lab professor.
A hazard of working with sodium benzoate is that sodium benzoate should not be inhaled, ingested, or come in contact with skin (Sciencelab1). If this happens take the precautions necessary to remove sodium benzoate from skin by washing thoroughly. Also note the acid form of sodium benzoate formed when mixing sodium benzoate with HCl Acid, Benzoic Acid, the hazards aforementioned also apply.
Materials List * Vacuum Aspirator * HCl Acid (Stock Solution) * Parafilm * 2 thick rubber
References: SolarNavigator. N.p.. Web. 26 May 2013. . Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, . N.p.. Web. 26 May 2013. . Sciencelab, L.. N.p.. Web. 27 May 2013. . Sciencelab1. N.p.. Web. 24 May 2013. .