By
LOKMAN EFFENDI RAMLI
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INTRODUCTION
Allah (s.w.t.)1 has created mankind with noble objective that people would lead their live in peace and harmony following the system of belief of his revelations sent down through Prophets from time to time since very beginning of the society in this world. On top of that, Allah (s.w.t) said in Al Qu’ran the responsible of humankind is to worship to him.
“I have only created jinns and men that they may serve me”2
Vicegerent (khalifah), the Islamic concept of leadership first emerged from the Qur’anic verse that express Allah’s wish to appoint his vicegerent [Prophet Adam (a.s)3] on earth soil as maintain justice among the creation both human beings and jinns that would worship him4. By hearing this, the angels politely inquired:
“…Do thou place therein one who will do harm and will shed blood while we, we hymn thy praise and sanctify thee….”5
This verse clearly showed that Prophet Adam (a.s) is the representative of Allah (s.w.t.) on the earth, who is to live, to worship and to maintain justice among other human being. Allah (s.w.t) trusts Prophet Adam (a.s) able to accomplish his mission as a khalifah in this world.
1
Abbreviated words of honor and salutations attached to the name of Allah (s.w.t.)
Abdullah, Y.A., (1994) The Meaning of Holy Qur’an: New Edition with Revise Translation and Commentary.
Amana Corporation. Brentwood, MD, USA. All references to this translation of the Al Qur’an by Abdullah Yusuf
Ali will be referred to Al Qur’an.
3
Abbreviated words of honor and salutations attached to the name of prophet
4
Junaid, S.W., (2004), The Islamic concept of Leadership and Its Application in Sakkwato Caliphate, paper
Presented at The Conference of Ulama, The Attahiru Dalhatu Bafarawa Institute of Qur’anic and General Studi es,
Sokoto.
5
Al Qur’an: Al Baqarah (2):30
2
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However, do the Muslims all over the
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