Mucoadhesive properties prolong the retention time of the bead’s dose in the targeted site the colon [23], [50]. Since the dose is intended to colonic release, mucoadhesion parameters play a key role in the efficiency of the form. The beads remain longer in contact with colonic mucosa when they have more mucoadhesive property. As a result the probiotics will have enough time to get released from beads and colonize the colon [37], [51]. It is therefore judicious to consider formulas with high mucoadhesion to colonic tissues, to have prolonged duration of action and enhanced efficiency which help in reducing the dosing frequency. Figure 3 shows the mucoadhesiveness properties of different types of beads on jejunal [A] and colonic mucosa [B]. Generally the mucoadhesion strength decreases with time, regardless of the mucosal type or bead type. In the case of jejunal mucosa [A] no significant differences were observed between…
Review Systems: Patients complains of a lower abdominal pain for the past week that apparently got much worse last night and by this morning wasn’t tolerable. She is also having some nausea and vomiting.…
A 54-year-old male is diagnosed with peptic ulcer disease. This condition is most likely caused by:…
| LabRepQuiz010 Question MC #7: Which of the following is the best written sentence that includes the information below taken from an article written by Dr. Costanza, but avoids plagiarism?…
4-6: Why did lung function in the deflated (left) lung return to normal after you clicked Reset?…
REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: Patient complains of lower abdominal pain for the past week that apparently got much worse last night and by this morning was intolerable. She is also having some nausea and vomiting. Denies hematemesis, Hematochezia, and melena. She has had vaginal spotting over the past month with questionable vaginal discharge as well. Denies ueinary frequency, urgency, and hematuria. Denies arthralgias. Review of systems is otherwise essentially negative.…
HISTORY OF PRESENT ILLNESS: This 46-year old gentleman with past medical history significant only for degenerative disease of the bilateral hips, secondary to arthritis presents to the emergency room after having had 3 days of abdominal pain. It initially started 3 days ago and was a generalized vague abdominal complaint. Earlier this morning the pain localized and radiated to the right lower quadrant. He had some nausea without emesis. He was able to tolerate p.o earlier around 6am, but he now denies having an appetite. Patient had a very small bowel movement early this morning that was not normal for him. He has not passed gas this morning. He’s voiding well. He denies fevers, chills, or night sweats. The pain is localized to the RLQ without radiation at this point. He has never had a colonoscopy.…
In addition, it can also be accompanied with nausea, vomiting, fever, leukocytosis, and abdominal muscle guarding (Huether & McCance, 2012). In the case of client M.E., when she first was admitted by the emergency department she displayed abdominal pain and rebound tenderness in the right upper abdominal quadrant. Additionally, she was experiencing some nausea; however, her abdomen was non-distended, and assessment findings revealed her having a body temperature within defined limits. In addition, her laboratory findings indicated a high white blood cell count, which is a common finding associated finding with cholecystitis due to the pathophysiological process explained above. Though, in order to confirm client M.E.’s medical diagnosis of cholecystitis, and abdominal ultrasound was ordered. Results of the abdominal ultrasound illustrated a distended gallbladder with gallstones measuring up to 1.7 cm, which in fact confirmed the diagnosis of…
o Initial consultation for a 78-year-old woman with unexplained weight loss, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding. Comprehensive history and examination…
Initial consultation is performed for a 78-year-old woman with unexplained weight loss, abdominal pain, and rectal bleeding. A comprehensive history and examination is performed.…
Loren has no other GI symptoms at the present time. She does report that she has developed a sore in her mouth.…
Many patients present with evidence of malabsorption, including diarrhoea, abdominal pain, weight loss, and anorexia. The disease is not always limited to the GI tract as individuals may experience symptoms outside of the intestine, which may affect the joints, bones, eyes, skin and liver. Some patients may develop tears (fissures) in the lining of the anus, which may cause pain and bleeding, especially during bowel movements. Inflammation may also cause a fistula to develop. If this complication occurs, the patient may be exposed to mucus or stool or pus from this opening and the symptoms may be mild to…
REVIEW OF SYSTEMS: Patient complains of a lower abdominal pain for the past week that apparently got much worst last night and by this morning was intolerable. She is also having some nausea and vomiting. Denies hematemesis, hematokesa, and melena. She has had vaginal spotting over the past month with questionable vaginal discharge as well. Denies…