Least Developed Countries
U N I T E D N AT I O N S C O N F E R E N C E O N T R A D E A N D D E V E L O P M E N T
Export competitiveness and development in LDCs policies, issues and priorities for least developed countries for action during and beyond UNCTAD XII
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT
Export competitiveness and development in LDCs: policies, issues and priorities for least developed countries for action during and beyond UNCTAD XII
UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2008
Note
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Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. The opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Secretariat of the United Nations or of the organizations and institutions with which the authors may be connected. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Material in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, but full acknowledgement is requested. A copy of the publication containing the quotation or reprint should be sent to the UNCTAD secretariat at the following address: Director Division for Africa, LDCs and Special Programmes United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Palais des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
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The report and the case studies can also be found on the Internet at http://www.unctad.org.
UNCTAD/ALDC/2008/1
ii
Executive summary
For several decades now, the least developed countries (LDCs)a have been pursuing wide-ranging economic policies and strategies, mainly in the context of structural adjustment programmes and, more recently,
Export competitiveness and development in LDCs policies, issues and priorities for least developed countries for action during and beyond UNCTAD XII
UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT
Export competitiveness and development in LDCs: policies, issues and priorities for least developed countries for action during and beyond UNCTAD XII
UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2008
Note
• •
Symbols of United Nations documents are composed of capital letters with figures. Mention of such a symbol indicates a reference to a United Nations document. The opinions expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Secretariat of the United Nations or of the organizations and institutions with which the authors may be connected. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Material in this publication may be freely quoted or reprinted, but full acknowledgement is requested. A copy of the publication containing the quotation or reprint should be sent to the UNCTAD secretariat at the following address: Director Division for Africa, LDCs and Special Programmes United Nations Conference on Trade and Development Palais des Nations CH-1211 Geneva 10, Switzerland
•
•
The report and the case studies can also be found on the Internet at http://www.unctad.org.
UNCTAD/ALDC/2008/1
ii
Executive summary
For several decades now, the least developed countries (LDCs)a have been pursuing wide-ranging economic policies and strategies, mainly in the context of structural adjustment programmes and, more recently,