The internet began as a closed network between government research institutions and universities. By the late 1980s, it was slowly moving towards commercial use and these restrictions were completely removed by 1995, following the release of the World Wide Web to the general public. The technological revolution that now characterizes the Information Age has firmly engulfed the world and created a global society ever dependent on computers and computer systems. Powered by the concepts of data sharing and distributed collaboration, the diverse community of isolated computers and networks has evolved into a meshed architecture of interconnected networks known more familiarly as the Internet.
An Internet Service Provider (ISP, also called internet access provider) is a business or organisation that offers its customers access to the internet and related services. Most, but not all ISPs are telecommunication providers. ISPs support one or more forms of internet access, including traditional modem dial-up, digital subscriber line (DSL), cable modem broadband service and dedicated T1/T3 fibre optic lines.
The internet presents an insecure channel for exchanging information making it vulnerable to intrusion and fraud by cybercriminals. As dependence on the Internet has increased, the requirement to protect the systems, pathways, and data contained within this architecture has emerged as a major priority of users, commercial industry, and governments. Disruption of the Internet infrastructure can be quickly achieved despite the vast knowledge of vulnerabilities and readily available subscriber-based countermeasures. As the gateway to the global internet, ISPs are often involved in security incidents either as victims of security breaches or as defenders of their customers against such breach and even as defenders of the internet against security breach by users.
ISP OVERVIEW
The ISP business model is driven by three factors: to generate