Hofstede, G. (2001). Culture’s Consequences: Comparing Values, Behaviors, Institutions, and Organizations Across Nations. Second Edition, Thousand Oaks CA: Sage Publications, 2001.…
Conflict -“Our men think earning money and ordering around others is where power lies. They don't think power is in the hands of the woman who takes care of everyone all day long, and gives birth to their children,” Page 116.…
have it and that such a power structure in our society exist. When defining white male…
In “White Like Me,” Thomas Wise discusses the many ways White privilege influences other race’s, from a White male’s perspective. Three of the most interesting point relate to the of “white supremacy” and how the common white citizens unknowingly uses their powers. He expresses the belief that Whites should “guard their white privilege” because the United States, as a capitalist society, honors the majority. Another point he makes is that Whites are able to escape the blame for their unjust actions, whereas people of color would be slaughtered in the media for such things. An impactful example he uses is terrorism. In Oklahoma there were two white terrorists who bombed a government building, killing many. This horrific action was headlined…
The concept of cultural relativism teaches that there is no universal level or standards by which a culture can be measured. Any person is bound to view his or her culture as most important as compared to other’?s culture. In this regard therefore, each and every other culture in the world can be deemed to be utmost…
It may be argued that one’s culture is indicative of the way in which they behave. Is this an accurate assumption? Tess calls attention to the difficulties we face in ascertaining whether nature or nurture poses a greater influence to human behaviour, and I am inclined to agree with her assumption that the two are interdependent. Our behaviour is deeply rooted in the functioning of the society in which we live, something which indicates the interference of evolution in teaching us the valuable role of society in relation to our ultimate survival. For it is the ability to adapt to the cultural norms surrounding us via what Hogan refers to as “archaic, powerful and compulsive tendencies,” [Hogan, 1985] that contributes to the overall success of human social life. This is exemplified through the examination of ancient human society. DeWaal points out the ever-present “strife and competition which… pose the strongest threat to [human] existence” [DeWaal, 1996], and Pinker refers to the idea of reciprocity as being “ubiquitous in foraging societies” [Pinker, 1997]. These two facets of social existence may in fact be linked in that they work to counter one another. Rather than constantly competing in the interests of the self, early human beings came to realise the benefits of co-existing with one another. We are all subject to this same evolutionary history which tells us that social harmony is key in our ultimate survival, and this requires adherence to our common culture. In other words, we are nurtured with reference to the teachings of our nature, therefore in this case the two cannot be separated as they are reliant on one another.…
If history was just pivotal facts and dates, decisions would not be made by the hundreds of choices people make to decide anything, they would just happen automatically. People’s personalities and opinions effect what happened in the past so much that it would be foolish to disregard past people’s point of views as history. Equally as important is the culture in which people thrived at different times in the past. The Where. Culture is the soul of a society, the ideas, customs, and social behaviors that without, societies wouldn’t exist. Culture is what differentiates an Australian boy to a French one. It is what separates the nature of Adolf Hitler to Franklin Roosevelt. What culture does is create varied perspectives. The why. Why do people make the decisions that they do? Why do different people have different views on war? Analysing is…
Culture comprises the shared values and assumptions of a particular group of people. Because these values and assumptions are shared, it is easy for people to take them for granted and assume that they are the ‘normal way’. This makes people believe that the way they do things and behave, and the things they value, are right and true for everyone.…
softness. Under the lingering spell of his dream, her golden hair, which fell in rippling curls, seemed like a halo of purity and innocence and peace, irradiating the atmosphere around her. It is true the thought occurred to Ben, vaguely, that through harm to her he might inflict the greatest punishment upon her father; but the idea came like a dark shape that faded away and vanished into nothingness as soon as it came within the nimbus that surrounded the child's person. The child was moving on to pluck still another flower, when there came a sound of hoof-beats, and Ben was aware that a horseman, visible through the shrubbery, was coming along the curved path that led from the gate to the house. It must be the man he was waiting for, and now was the time to wreak his vengeance. He sprang to his feet, grasped his club, and stood for a moment irresolute. But either the instinct of the convict, beaten, driven, and debased, or the influence of the child, which was still strong upon him, impelled him, after the first momentary pause, to flee as though seeking safety. His flight led him toward the little girl, whom he must pass in order to make his escape, and as Colonel Thornton turned the corner of the path he saw a desperate-looking negro, clad in filthy rags, and carrying in his hand a murderous bludgeon, running toward the child, who, startled by the sound of footsteps, had turned and was looking toward the approaching man with wondering eyes. A sickening fear came over the father's heart, and drawing the ever-ready revolver, which according to the Southern custom he carried always upon his person, he fired with unerring aim. Ben Davis ran a few yards farther, faltered, threw out his hands, and fell dead at the child's feet. * * * * *…
Government and Politics is an ideal that shapes and influences many different aspects of an individual and/or the nation, however, Government and Politics itself can be shaped by another general idea that identifies nations around the globe, which is culture. Culture is no doubt, an important fundamental topic that should be understood and used as an advantage to satisfy many different groups in a country. However, it may also lead to a country’s own downfall or unfortunate event. Thus, for as long Government and Politics existed in US History, an enduring culture war has also co-existed. Culture wars extends its meaning far beyond the economic disputes, foreign policy, and business regulations, but it goes into an individual’s personal belief and public morality.…
Everyone has heard of culture, but that doesn’t necessarily mean they know what it means. Often times people confuse terms such as culture, society, and ethnic group, but they all mean very different things. A society is a group that shares a geographic region, a common language, and a sense of identity and culture; an ethnic group is a group of people who share a language, customs, and a common heritage; culture is how people act and their judgement towards one another. Also, not many people know how culture changes or how it’s spread. In this essay, I will describe culture, how it’s spread, and how it changes.…
Marshall Sahlins is one of the most prominent American anthropologists of our time. He holds the title of Charles F. Grey Distinguished Service Professor of Anthropology at the University of Chicago where he presently teaches. Marshall Sahlins', The Use and Abuse of Biology, is an excellent text, which attacks both the logical errors of sociobiology and its ideological distortions. His work focuses on demonstrating the power that culture has to shape people's perceptions and actions and that culture has a unique power to motivate people, which is not derived from biology or for that matter any other of the natural sciences. In the text, The Use And Abuse of Biology, Sahlins reveals his true worries that culture can be usurped as an independent super-organism directing all human thought, emotion and behavior and this in turn undermines the prestige or importance of cultural anthropology (His early work focuses on debunking the idea of 'economically rational man'). Sahlins de-constructs the interpretation of human societies performed by certain of the most eminent individuals such as sociobiologists. He argues that certain elements of human nature and civilization cannot be reduced to biological principles. He argues that the importance of anthropology as a science must contribute to understand the variety and unity of human cultures…
Cultural globalization is a term often used to describe the influence of one national culture on another. This is perhaps more prevalent in the United States than anywhere else in the world. Although America is often viewed as the villain with regard to globalization, it is clear by the diversity of cultural groups in America, that this nation is also the recipient of global culture. With such a diverse cultural population it’s foreseeable to think there will be differences of opinion when it comes to discussion cultural importance. For every society believes it is their culture that sets them apart and makes them unique. Differences in cultural beliefs often leads to the “Us vs Them” mentality, but it is also cultural beliefs that unite Americans.…
Leslie White, author of The Evolution of Culture: The Development of Civilization to the Fall of Rome (1959), attempted to create a theory explaining the entire history of humanity. The most important factor in his theory is technology: Social systems are determined by technological systems, wrote White in his book, echoing the earlier theory of Lewis Henry Morgan. As measure of society advancement, he proposed the measure of a society's energy consumption. He differentiates between five stages of human development. In first, people use energy of their own muscles. In second, they use energy of domestication of animals. In third, they use the energy of plants (so White refers to agricultural revolution here). In fourth, they learn to use the energy of natural resources: coal, oil, gas. In fifth, they harness the nuclear energy. White introduced a formulae, P=E*T, where E is a measure of energy consumed, and T is the measure of efficiency of technical factors utilising the energy. This theory is similar to Russian astronomer Nikolai Kardashev's later theory of the Kardashev scale.…
According to Child, culture can be explained as one of the strategic tools of control in organisations and explained that cultural control helps in four areas:…