levelling
Lecture 1 -Leveling
In this lecture, we will provide a brief introduction to basic principles of surveying and outline one of the most fundamental forms of surveying - leveling
Concepts Covered 1) Leveling Definitions (benchmark, HI, backsight, foresight) Basic theory of leveling Leveling the instrument Reading the survey rod Booking your work In-class survey
2) Discuss field assignment #1
3) Assign everyone into survey groups
4) Identify the location where we will all meet in the field Surveying – An Introduction
Definition: The discipline encompassing all methods of gathering and processing information about our physical earth and its environment.
Types of Surveys:
Cadastral Surveys (boundary surveying) Hydrographic Surveys (involving water bodies)
Construction Surveys (engineering surveys) Geodetic Surveying (locating points in space)
Topographic Surveys (ground-based mapping)
Photogrammetric Surveying (aerial methods)
Field Work In This Course
Week 1 Leveling
Definition: The process of finding the elevation at a specified location relative to another known elevation.
This week, each group will perform level surveying at a specified site on the university campus.
We will break up into groups later in this lab.
Week 2 Taping
Week 3 Transit and Angles
Week 4 Field Survey for Course Project (Phase 1)
Week 5 Field Survey for Course Project (Phase 2)
Leveling Equipment
Level
Levels are instruments used to establish a horizontal line of sight.
Tripod
Leveling rod
Field Book, pencils, ruler or straight edge
Stakes, hammer, paint, ribbon
Hand level
Definitions
Bench Mark (BM) A permanent object that has a known elevation.
Temporary BenchMark (TBM) A moveable object that has a known elevation.
Turning Point (TP) A fixed object used when determining the elevation of other points.
Think of
In this lecture, we will provide a brief introduction to basic principles of surveying and outline one of the most fundamental forms of surveying - leveling
Concepts Covered 1) Leveling Definitions (benchmark, HI, backsight, foresight) Basic theory of leveling Leveling the instrument Reading the survey rod Booking your work In-class survey
2) Discuss field assignment #1
3) Assign everyone into survey groups
4) Identify the location where we will all meet in the field Surveying – An Introduction
Definition: The discipline encompassing all methods of gathering and processing information about our physical earth and its environment.
Types of Surveys:
Cadastral Surveys (boundary surveying) Hydrographic Surveys (involving water bodies)
Construction Surveys (engineering surveys) Geodetic Surveying (locating points in space)
Topographic Surveys (ground-based mapping)
Photogrammetric Surveying (aerial methods)
Field Work In This Course
Week 1 Leveling
Definition: The process of finding the elevation at a specified location relative to another known elevation.
This week, each group will perform level surveying at a specified site on the university campus.
We will break up into groups later in this lab.
Week 2 Taping
Week 3 Transit and Angles
Week 4 Field Survey for Course Project (Phase 1)
Week 5 Field Survey for Course Project (Phase 2)
Leveling Equipment
Level
Levels are instruments used to establish a horizontal line of sight.
Tripod
Leveling rod
Field Book, pencils, ruler or straight edge
Stakes, hammer, paint, ribbon
Hand level
Definitions
Bench Mark (BM) A permanent object that has a known elevation.
Temporary BenchMark (TBM) A moveable object that has a known elevation.
Turning Point (TP) A fixed object used when determining the elevation of other points.
Think of