Strategic management is defined as the set of managerial decisions and actions that determine the long run performance of a corporation.(Hills and Jones,2001) Moreover, strategy is an action a company takes to attain superior performance.(Wheelan and Hunger, 1995) Strategic human resource management is ‘the process of linking HR practices to business strategy’(Ulrich,1997) To maintain the hierarchy in the market, organizations need to constantly formulate strategies to meet the customer requirements. There are various theories that have been formulated for firms to manage complex and problematic environment. These theories are broken down into two models; internal model which includes the Resource Based View ( RBV) and external based model formulated by Whittington (2001); which include Classical, Evolutionary, Processual and Systemic approaches.
Due to the increasing value and appreciation of individuals as one of the major competitive advantage for organizations, there have been strong efforts to develop HRM. Beer et al suggest that 'An organization 's HRM policies and practices must fit with its strategy in its competitive environment and with the immediate business conditions that it faces ' (Beer et al., 1984, p. 25). This is
References: Beer M, Sector B, Lawrence, P, Quinn M.D., Walton R, (1984), “Managing Human Assets”, New York: The free press Hamel, G., & C Hill, C, Jones, G. (2001), “Strategic Management: An integrated Approach” (5th ed), Boston, M.A.: Houghton Mifflin. Mintzberg, H. (1979). The Structuring of Organizations: A Synthesis of Research. Prentice Hall, Englewood. Sloan,A.(1963),”My Years with General Motors.”London,Sedgewick and Jackson. Storey, J (1989) "From personnel management to human resource management" ed Storey J. New perspective on human resource management, London : Routledge. Teece, D., G. Pisano, and A. Shuen (1997). “Dynamic capabilities and strategic management‟, Strategic Management Journal, 18, pp. 509-533. Ulrich, D. (1997), “Human Resource Champions : The Next Agenda for Adding Value and Delivering Results”, Boston: Harvard Business School Press Wheelan, T Whittington, R (2007), “Theories of Strategy’, Strategy for business: a reader,” The Open University, Sage Publications, in Mazzucato, M 2002.