Liquid and Evaporation
Rate of Evaporation of Different Liquids
Objective of the Project
This project is of the rate of evaporation of different liquid, in which we also discuss the factors which affect the rate of liquid.
Introduction
When liquid is placed in an open vessel. It slowly escapes into gaseous phase ventually leaving the vessel empty. This phenomenon is known as vaporization or evaporation. Evaporation of liquids can be explained in the terms of kinetic molecular model although there are strong molecular attractive forces which hold molecules together. The molecules having sufficient kinetic energy can escape into gaseous phase. If such molecules happen to come near the surface in a sample of liquid all the molecules do not have same kinetic energy. There is a small fraction of molecules which have enough kinetic energy to overcome the attractive forces and escapes into gaseous phase.
Evaporation causes cooling. This is due to the reason that the molecules which undergo evaporation have high kinetic energy therefore the kinetic energy of the molecules which are left behind is less.
Since the remaining molecules which are left have lower average kinetic energy. Therefore temperature is kept constant the remaining liquid will have same distribution of the molecular kinetic energy and high molecular energy will kept one escaping from liquid into gaseous phase of the liquid is taken in an open vessel evaporation will continue until whole of the liquid evaporates.
Factors affecting the rate of evaporation
(1) Nature of Liquids : The magnitude of inter-molecular forces of attraction in liquid determine the speed of evaporation. Weaker the inter-molecular forces of attraction larger is the extent of evaporation. In diethyl ether rate of evaporation is greater than that of ethyl alcohol.
(2) Temperature : The rate of evaporation of liquids varies directly with temperature. With the increase in the temperature, fraction of molecules having
Objective of the Project
This project is of the rate of evaporation of different liquid, in which we also discuss the factors which affect the rate of liquid.
Introduction
When liquid is placed in an open vessel. It slowly escapes into gaseous phase ventually leaving the vessel empty. This phenomenon is known as vaporization or evaporation. Evaporation of liquids can be explained in the terms of kinetic molecular model although there are strong molecular attractive forces which hold molecules together. The molecules having sufficient kinetic energy can escape into gaseous phase. If such molecules happen to come near the surface in a sample of liquid all the molecules do not have same kinetic energy. There is a small fraction of molecules which have enough kinetic energy to overcome the attractive forces and escapes into gaseous phase.
Evaporation causes cooling. This is due to the reason that the molecules which undergo evaporation have high kinetic energy therefore the kinetic energy of the molecules which are left behind is less.
Since the remaining molecules which are left have lower average kinetic energy. Therefore temperature is kept constant the remaining liquid will have same distribution of the molecular kinetic energy and high molecular energy will kept one escaping from liquid into gaseous phase of the liquid is taken in an open vessel evaporation will continue until whole of the liquid evaporates.
Factors affecting the rate of evaporation
(1) Nature of Liquids : The magnitude of inter-molecular forces of attraction in liquid determine the speed of evaporation. Weaker the inter-molecular forces of attraction larger is the extent of evaporation. In diethyl ether rate of evaporation is greater than that of ethyl alcohol.
(2) Temperature : The rate of evaporation of liquids varies directly with temperature. With the increase in the temperature, fraction of molecules having