LIQUID-LIQUID SEPARATION BY DISC BOWL CENTRIFUGE

LABORATORY REPORT
UNIT OPERATION
FST359
EXPERIMENT 1 : LIQUID-LIQUID SEPARATION BY DISC-BOWL CENTRIFUGE.

NAME : ANAS BIN MOHD KAMAL.
ID : 2013467978.
GROUP : AS1164A1.
LECTURER : SIR MOHAMAD SHAHRIMI BIN HASHIM.

OBJECTIVE :
1. To separate cream from dairy milk and coconut milk.
2. To measure the quantity and density of cream and skim milk.

MATERIALS :
Dairy milk powder and coconut milk.

APPARATUS :
25 ml specific gravity (SG) bottles, 1 L beaker, thermometer.

PROCEDURES :
Clean the machine
↓
Assemble machine
↓
Switch on machine
↓
Pour sample into feed receptor
↓
Collect cream & skim
↓
Record the quantities (skim and cream)
↓
Measure density (cream and skim) using SG bottle.

DISCUSSION : In this experiment, the test on separating cream from dairy milk and coconut milk has been conducted. The separation is done using centrifugation method by using the disc-bowl. The simplest form of centrifuge consists of a bowl spinning about a vertical axis. Liquids, or liquids and solids, are introduced into this and under centrifugal force the heavier liquid or particles pass to the outermost regions of the bowl while the lighter components move towards the center. If the feed is all liquid, then suitable collection pipes can be arranged to allow separation of the heavier and the lighter components. Various arrangements are used to accomplish this collection effectively and with a minimum of disturbance to the flow pattern in the machine. To understand the function of these collection arrangements, it is very often helpful to think of the centrifuge action as analogous to gravity settling, with the various weirs and overflows acting in just the same way as in a settling tank even though the centrifugal forces are very much greater than gravity. In liquid/liquid separation centrifuges, conical plates are arranged in about 45° angle because these will give smoother flow and better separation. At the end of this experiment, the cream and the skim milk has been successfully separated and the density of both milk is calculated and recorded as shown in the result.

CONCLUSION : As the conclusion, result of the separation of the skim milk and cream milk is obtained and the density of the skim milk and cream milk are and respectively.

REFFERENCES :
1. http://www.nzifst.org.nz/unitoperations/mechseparation4.htm
2. Ambler, CM., "The evaluation of centrifuge performance", Chem. Eng. Progr 48 (1952), 3, p.150-158