The term “mad hatters” comes from the nineteenth century, when hat designers made hats out of felt. The reason there was mercurious nitrate in the hats was because they had to use mercury to cure to felt. The mad hatters were mainly located in France.
The hats the mad hatters made were 6 ½ to 8 inches in height. For example if your head was 22 inches in circumference your hat size would be 6 7/8 inches. On a lot of hats there was a symbol saying 10/6. Some people say that this was the price and other said it was the size. The designs on the hats could vary. Most of the hats were darker colors, like dark purple, black, and dark blue. The hats designs could be anything from strips to solids.
The hats were made out of felt and mercurious nitrate was there to cure it. They sewed it together good to make it strong. A couple small pieces of cardboard or hard paper will keep it up. It doesn’t take a lot to make one.
Mercury is an element that has a melting point of -38.8 Celsius. It is an ordinary liquid at room temperature. Mercury is a heavy, silvery-white metal. It is a relatively poor conductor of heat, but is a fair conductor of electricity. The atomic number is 80. Mercury was known to the ancient Chinese, Egyptians and Hindus and has been found in Egyptian tombs dating back to about 1500 B.C.
Then about ten years later people noticed that mercury was poisonous. People were so called becoming insane. The mercury leaked out of their hats and into their skulls. Common symptoms of mercury poisoning include itching, burning, pink cheeks, fingertips and toes and neurological symptoms. The reason they call it a “mad hatter” is because the mercuroius nitrates fumes came off the hats and made them insane / mad.
Unfortunately they did not know how poisonous mercurious nitrate really was. They paid the price of their nervous systems tissue being damaged and being more exposed. It also can result in kidney damage.