As depicted from the case study, sugarcane was a major commodity, which facilitated slave trade during the colonial time. Sugarcane was used to manufacture a drink called the Kill-devil, which was better compared to the expensive bear and wine. This drink evolved during the colonial time and kept on changing names from Kill devil to Rumbullion based on the ingredients added to the canned sugar. The name Rumbullion was later shortened to Rum. During this colonial time, sugarcane planting was an important activity since sugar had several important uses. Sugarcane planting was a major factor that facilitated slave trade since the increase in demand of the rum meant that there was the need to plant more sugar. Therefore, this called for more slaves…
Sugar cultivating took over the plantations in the New World; farmers began to convert most of their lands to sugar cane. This meant more workers were needed to work on these fields. These jobs were very labor-intensive so they first brought in the indentured servants. These servants were unable to adapt to the harsh tropical climate and the hard work discouraged them. It wasn’t much later when they decided to bring in the African slaves. As these slaves were owned by them, they forced them to do these vigorous jobs.…
Slaves were a main reason for the increase in sugar crops. The trading of slaves was already increasing at the time and therefore made obtaining them even easier. Document 10 show the correlation between slave population and sugar produced. It demonstrates how an increase in slaves produced an increase in sugar. Slaves provided a simple and easy way to maintain the sugar crops. Document 11 lists items that English merchants used to purchase slaves. The list includes ordinary things such as powder, toys, and brass pans that could be bought in markets. Merchants could buy these slaves with cheap objects and not have to give them anything from their own possession. An additional document, such as a letter from a slave on how he was paid to work would verify the fact that these objects were used. Furthermore, slaves were well handled by their owners and performed the tasks demanded. Document 8 shows two pictures, one of a boiling-house and one of a field, with slaves working while the masters dictate them. This document, however, could be biased in favor of the masters and not show how miserable or angry the slaves were with their owners. Slaves were obviously a great factor in the sugar trade considering the price of them rose as the sugar trade progressed. Document 9, which shows the price of West African and British Caribbean slaves in the years 1748 and 1768, proves this statement. This all proves that slaves were an important factor and allowed sugar crops to be easily and cheaply made.…
In a unique approach author David Galenson examines the transition of servants to slaves during the 17th and 18th century of British America. He successfully covers the importance of slavery and the reason for its high demand. Galenson takes into consideration the demographic conditions and its differences throughout the West Indies, the Chesapeake colonies, Virginia and Maryland, and South Carolina. He also provides his own analysis, which is the belief that the growth of slavery may have been due to the decisions of planters. Despite our past and its complete disregard to the social consequences of its actions David Galenson attempts to piece together the puzzle and make sense of it all.…
9. What was the primary agent by which European language and culture was transmitted to Brazil and Spanish America? P.435…
This passage towards the end reveals a storyteller telling the tale of slaves working through rugged conditions on a plantation. Nevertheless, they would soon go on to glory as some of which couldn’t stand the unbearable circumstances that were forced upon them. In addition, the storyteller described a few situations that slaves had to endure throughout their time spent on the plantation’s cotton field such as: nurturing an infant while proceeding in harsh labor and confliction between slave and slave owners.…
While these owners may have been in charge of the plantations, they did next to no work in the actual production of sugar, leaving that work for the slaves. Slaves did all of the manual labor producing sugar, which can be seen in Documents 8 and 10. Slaves spent their lives planting and harvesting sugar cane plants as well as curating them and turning them into cane sugar (Doc 8). They were the driving force behind the sugar trade and as the demand for sugar grew so did the demand for slaves because more slaves means more sugar. In fact, from 1703 to 1789 in Jamaica the slave population grew by fivefold and its sugar production increased twelvefold (Doc 10). This clearly shows that the slaves were what lead to the increase in sugar production and the further development of the sugar trade. Slaves did not just help to produce sugar though, they also aided the English economy. English merchants could trade many of their own goods in exchange for the slaves needed to make sugar, so they could help the growth of the sugar trade as well as the growth of the economy (Doc 11). The English economy also flourished due to mercantilism which emerged in 1660 and aided England by making sure that more money and goods were coming into England than were…
When approaching slavery from a historical standpoint, it is a tendency to generalize the experience of slaves. However, slavery differs per region and time period. The differing climates of the Chesapeake region and Deep South determined the crops that would be grown and consequently the severity of slave labor. Likewise, over time slavery evolved from a class based system (poor indentured servants working alongside blacks) to a racially based system, creating an identity within the slave community. However, not only the slave experience differed, the institution itself transformed. The transition from class-based slavery to racial slavery, accompanied by new technologies that made the industry more profitable, changed how the institution was run. Thus, despite a general continuity in the institution of slavery, such as it being agrarian-based and involving black subordinates, many forces changed the institution like the installment of slave codes in 1670s, making it a legal and racial practice, and the development of the cotton gin and other technological advances in the 1790s. Whilst seventeenth century slavery was characterized by smaller tobacco plantations, racially-mixed servitude, and somewhat less-demanding labor, nineteenth century slavery was characterized by large-scale cotton plantations, solely black slavery, harsh and dangerous working conditions, and syncretic slave societies within plantations. This essay will approach identifying factors of change through the general categories of beginning, middle, and end of American slavery. It will also directly compare and contrast the institutions of early Chesapeake and later Deep South slavery.…
In eighteenth-century Jamaica, the driving forces behind the institution of slavery were power and fear. Thomas Thistlewood, part plantation owner, part foot soldier for the British Empire, was a young man fueled by an immense desire for wealth and independence. In Jamaica, Thistlewood was thrown into a society in which wealthy white men subjugated blacks from Africa in cruel bondage to turn extraordinary profits. Because of their skin color, whites held a collective equality over the slaves and used their power to instill fear into their counterparts. On the other hand, it was their own fear of the slaves rebelling that caused the owners to inflict inconceivable amounts of torture and punishment. This struggle for power between slaves and masters led to a trade-off. The slaves recognized they would have to obey their masters or face the consequences. At the same time, slaves also realized that their situation could be manipulated and that they could help their own cause by cooperating. Thistlewood’s differing relationships with his slaves showcase how some were able to exploit this trade-off while others fell short. His diary shines light on the lives of Lincoln, Coobah, Sally, and Phibbah who each had their own ways of dealing with life on the plantation.…
Slavery is what dramatically helped the sugar trade happen and proceed for so many years before slavery became illegal and machines replaced their jobs. Slaves could be traded for many goods like powder, bullets, brass pans, tobacco pipes, and many other things. At 14 pence a day a laborer in England in the early 1700's earned about 18 British pounds a year. For instance the Hibbert family…
Slavery grew into an important part of the southern colonies’ economy, driven by the near necessity of it geographically, economically and socially. These factors have a cause and effect relationship with slavery, and therefore also on its role in the economy. In the 1600s and 1700s, slavery was everywhere in the southern colonies. It ranged from small farms, which had one or two slaves, to the prosperous plantations with a slave for practically every hundred plants. In a way it showed a settler’s standing, economically and socially.…
Throughout the book, The Origins of Slavery, the author, Betty Woods, depicts how religion and race along with social, economic, and political factors were the key factors in determining the exact timing that the colonist’s labor bases of indentured Europeans would change to involuntary West African servitude. These religion and racial differences along with the economic demand for more labor played the key roles in the formation of slavery in the English colonies. When the Europeans first arrived to the Americas in the late sixteenth century, at the colony of Roanoke, the thought of chattel slavery had neither a clear law nor economic practice with the English. However by the end of that following century, the demand for slaves in the English colonies including the Chesapeake, Barbados, Pennsylvania and the Carolinas was so great and the majority of labor was carried out by West African slaves. The argument of whether Native Americans could also be used as a form of labor for the plantation societies of the English colonies is one that was long disputed between the English. Both Native Americans and West Africans were used as social mirrors. This meant that the English set both groups of people against themselves to emphasize what they conceived of as being completely different qualities of religious, social, and political organization, sexual behavior, and skin color. As Betty Woods explores the meaning of freedom and bondage in this small, yet impactful, five chapter book, she further determines the explanations English colonist used in answering the quest for cheap plantation labor.…
Land and climate was a major factor in driving the sugar trade. Included in Document 1 is a Colonial Map of the Caribbean. The map presents that most Caribbean land are colonized by the British, French, and Spanish. Referring the map to Document 2, explains that an ideal climate average for the growth of cane sugar is sixty-eight degrees Fahrenheit to ninety degrees Fahrenheit which slaves are forcefully working and growing sugar out in the heat. It is an evident fact the British, French, and Spanish bought this land using slaves in an undesirable climate to grow lots of sugar on their land which pushed the sugar trade. Displayed in Document 6, are requirements of what a sugar plantation of five hundred acres should require. A few of the requirements are a boiling house, distilling house, rum house, and salt provisions. All of these houses on this one large piece of land help advance the sugar trade by the production of sugar all being done in one place. Land and climate drove the sugar trade by having great geography, weather, location, and temperature.…
Learning of how the slave trade became popular in America only deepened my view of people’s skewed perception of blacks. Since matters in Europe were settling down, less Europeans felt the need to relocate to America where they would pay for their voyage through servitude. When the indentured servants from Europe became scarce, it caused a labor shortage therefore farmers turned to the Atlantic slave trade where they traded goods in return for slaves. Trading people for materials expresses their view of how slaves were merely “materials” needed for their farms. Slaves were not people, they were objects, and why? Because of their skin…
Starting from the founding of the United States, dating all the way to 1835, slavery was a commonly held practice throughout the United States of America. Although less popular and to a much lesser scale in the north, the problem still existed. During these times slavery was not looked at so much as a problem, but rather an economic opportunity. Because of slavery, the plantations in the United States flourished, producing vast quantities of product to sell for large profits. Charles Post in his work “The American Crucible: Slavery, Emancipation and Human Rights” defends this when saying that, “From the seventeenth century, the slave plantations in the New World were simultaneously integrated into an increasingly capitalist world market.”…