Management Principle, Management Theory, and Management Practices
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MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLE, MANAGEMENT THEORY, AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
MGMT310
American Military University
Monique Outerbridge
2
Every organization utilizes different types of management techniques, practices, theories and principles. Each organization utilizes their own practices as it correlates to their organizations’ mission, goals and culture. What works for one organization may not work for the next. In my opinion, I believe that multiple management practices can work for an organization. The best way to determine which practices will be beneficial to an organization is as simple as trial and error.
Formally defined, the principles of management are defined as the activities that “plan, organize, and control the operations of the basic elements of [people], materials, machines, methods, money and markets, providing direction and coordination, and giving leadership to human efforts, so as to achieve the sought objectives of the enterprise” (Koontz & Weihrich, 2006). Over the last two hundred years management principle has evolved heavily from its inception up to its modern day principles. Over the course of my civilian and military career I can attest that I have had leadership that has taken cues from different stages of the management principle evolution.
The classical school of management principle is considered the oldest formal school of management thought. Its origins pre-date the twentieth century. Managers were unsure of how to deal with increased labor dissatisfaction and train employees particularly because many of them were non-English speaking immigrants so they began to test solutions. As a result, the classical management theory developed from efforts to find the “one best way” to perform and manage tasks. The Classical School generally concerns ways to manage work and organizations more efficiently. Three areas of study that can be grouped under the classical school are scientific management, administrative management, and
MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLE, MANAGEMENT THEORY, AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
MGMT310
American Military University
Monique Outerbridge
2
Every organization utilizes different types of management techniques, practices, theories and principles. Each organization utilizes their own practices as it correlates to their organizations’ mission, goals and culture. What works for one organization may not work for the next. In my opinion, I believe that multiple management practices can work for an organization. The best way to determine which practices will be beneficial to an organization is as simple as trial and error.
Formally defined, the principles of management are defined as the activities that “plan, organize, and control the operations of the basic elements of [people], materials, machines, methods, money and markets, providing direction and coordination, and giving leadership to human efforts, so as to achieve the sought objectives of the enterprise” (Koontz & Weihrich, 2006). Over the last two hundred years management principle has evolved heavily from its inception up to its modern day principles. Over the course of my civilian and military career I can attest that I have had leadership that has taken cues from different stages of the management principle evolution.
The classical school of management principle is considered the oldest formal school of management thought. Its origins pre-date the twentieth century. Managers were unsure of how to deal with increased labor dissatisfaction and train employees particularly because many of them were non-English speaking immigrants so they began to test solutions. As a result, the classical management theory developed from efforts to find the “one best way” to perform and manage tasks. The Classical School generally concerns ways to manage work and organizations more efficiently. Three areas of study that can be grouped under the classical school are scientific management, administrative management, and
References: Carpenter, M., Bauer, T., & Erdogan, B. (2010). Principles of management. Irvington, New York: Flat World Knowledge. Hill, C., & McShane, S. (2006). Principles of management. New York: McGraw-Hill Companies,Inc. Koontz, H., & Weihrich, H. (2006). Essentials of management. New York: Tata McGraw-Hill Education.