In the novel, Weir depicts how the Hab canvas for Ares 3 (Watney’s home on Mars) was made, transported, and eventually put up by Watney’s crewmates. This side story seems seemingly useless when it’s first introduced; however, it’s essential to how the Hab was breached by the canvas tearing causing the airlock to detach with Watney inside. This event does show up in the movie but there is no explanation as to why the airlock suddenly detaches from the Hab.
The biggest difference between the novel and the movie is the movie’s ending and the added epilogue. In both stories, Watney uses the Ares 4 Mars Ascent Vehicle to propel himself into space, where his crew aboard the Hermes (a space station) will literally grab him out of the moving spacecraft. In the novel, a crew member jets out on a tether, grabs Watney, and returns him to the Hermes; all according to plan. This where the story ends for Watney and no epilogue is