Four brand categories of new products: 1. Product replacement 2. Additions to existing lines 3. New product lines 4. New to the world products
2 Steps for successful innovations are
First Creating and nurturing an innovative culture, which includes: 1. Reward success heavily 2. Tolerate failure 3. Give time off or turn a blind eye to people working on pet projects 4. Be accessible 5. Resist automatic nay saying 6. Back word with resources 7. Clear messages about the role and importance of innovation.
Second, Organizing effectively for new product developments, which includes: 1. Project teams which involve bringing together of staff from such areas as R and D, engineering , manufacturing, finance and market to work on a new product development. Specialized skills are combined to form an effective team to develop the new product concept. These teams are sometimes called skunkworks when they are put together in a location physically separate from other employees to work on a project free from bureaucratic intrusion. Its advantages include the fostering of a group identity and common purpose, fast decision-making, and the lowering of bureaucratic barriers. An organizational change that has reduced product development cycle time is the bringing together of design and manufacturing engineers to work as a team-simultaneous engineering. 2.