Marketing of Crude Oil
MARKETING OF CRUDE OIL & PRODUCTS
CPM-DS, HPCL
SANGEETH P S ISPE-HPCL-CPM-DS1-015 08/JULY/2013
MARKETING OF CRUDE OIL & PRODUCTS
PART I : Each Question is of 1 mark each
1. Name petroleum products which we get on processing Crude Oil. Ans: Petroleum products are usually grouped into three categories: light distillates (LPG, gasoline, naphtha), middle distillates (kerosene, diesel), heavy distillates and residuum (heavy fuel oil, lubricating oils, wax, asphalt). This classification is based on the way crude oil is distilled and separated into fractions (called distillates and residuum). On processing crude we are getting following products. • Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) • Gasoline (also known as petrol) • Naphtha • Kerosene and related jet aircraft fuels • Diesel fuel • Fuel oils • Lubricating oils • Paraffin wax • Asphalt and tar • Petroleum coke • Sulfur Oil refineries also produce various intermediate products such as hydrogen, light hydrocarbons, reformate and pyrolysis gasoline. These are not usually transported but instead are blended or processed further on-site. Chemical plants are thus often adjacent to oil refineries. For example, light hydrocarbons are steam-cracked in an ethylene plant, and the produced ethylene is polymerized to produce polyethene. 2. What is full form of OPEC? Ans: OPEC is the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. It is an oil cartel whose mission is to coordinate the policies of the oil-producing countries. The goal is to secure a steady income to the member states and to secure supply of oil to the consumers. Those who invest in petroleum activities should receive a fair return on their investments. OPEC was created at the Baghdad Conference on September 10–14, 1960, by Iraq, Kuwait, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Later it was joined by nine more governments: Libya, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Indonesia, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, Angola, and Gabon. OPEC was headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland before
CPM-DS, HPCL
SANGEETH P S ISPE-HPCL-CPM-DS1-015 08/JULY/2013
MARKETING OF CRUDE OIL & PRODUCTS
PART I : Each Question is of 1 mark each
1. Name petroleum products which we get on processing Crude Oil. Ans: Petroleum products are usually grouped into three categories: light distillates (LPG, gasoline, naphtha), middle distillates (kerosene, diesel), heavy distillates and residuum (heavy fuel oil, lubricating oils, wax, asphalt). This classification is based on the way crude oil is distilled and separated into fractions (called distillates and residuum). On processing crude we are getting following products. • Liquified petroleum gas (LPG) • Gasoline (also known as petrol) • Naphtha • Kerosene and related jet aircraft fuels • Diesel fuel • Fuel oils • Lubricating oils • Paraffin wax • Asphalt and tar • Petroleum coke • Sulfur Oil refineries also produce various intermediate products such as hydrogen, light hydrocarbons, reformate and pyrolysis gasoline. These are not usually transported but instead are blended or processed further on-site. Chemical plants are thus often adjacent to oil refineries. For example, light hydrocarbons are steam-cracked in an ethylene plant, and the produced ethylene is polymerized to produce polyethene. 2. What is full form of OPEC? Ans: OPEC is the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries. It is an oil cartel whose mission is to coordinate the policies of the oil-producing countries. The goal is to secure a steady income to the member states and to secure supply of oil to the consumers. Those who invest in petroleum activities should receive a fair return on their investments. OPEC was created at the Baghdad Conference on September 10–14, 1960, by Iraq, Kuwait, Iran, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Later it was joined by nine more governments: Libya, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Indonesia, Algeria, Nigeria, Ecuador, Angola, and Gabon. OPEC was headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland before