I. HYPERMASCULINITY
A. “young male syndrome”
1. The pressure of youths to act violently and appear tough, to receive respect.
B. Social class and expressing masculinity
1. Wealthy men can express their masculinity through income and materialistic goods.
2. Poor youth use violence and toughness to express their masculinity.
C. Masculine conformity
D. Institutions ideals of reform
1. “hardworking men”
2. Double blind
3. Leads to hypermasculinity
4. Complying=failing on the street
E. Criminalization of youths
1. Contributes to a hard exterior being developed.
2. Criminal stigma
F.