Materials in Tension
Table of Contents
Abstract 2
Theoretical Background 2
Equipment & Materials 8
Procedure 9
Data Summary 7
Results 9
Conclusions 10
Sources of Error 12
Safety 12
References 13
Signatures 13
Table of Figures
Figure 1: Stress Strain Diagram for Structural Steel 4
Figure 2: Fractured specimens 8
Abstract In this lab, students will be testing A-36 Steel, 1018 Steel, and 6061 Aluminum undergoing Tensional loads. All tests will be performed on the Instron machine. This experiment will show students how stress-strain graphs correlate to the material properties of each specimen. Students can observe the properties of failure due to tension and further understand the ASTM standards and procedures.
Theoretical Background
Normal Strain: Strain may be defined as a normalized measure of deformation representing the displacement between particles in a sample relative to a known reference length. As a load is applied to the sample (generally a round bar) its change in length can be recorded and compared to its initial length to determine normal strain. In this case, strain is found through the following equation:
Where: Strain is commonly referred to as either tension or compression depending on the direction of the force applied to the sample. Tensile strain generally refers to elongation of a material as a result of a tensile test. Compressive strain refers to the compressing, shortening of a material. In this particular laboratory, tensile strain is to be measured through the application of an Instron and extensometer. In this case, the extensometer is mounted to the different samples in order to determine the extension (L) the sample undergoes during testing. This value is used to directly determine the normal strain (). Since the initial length (Lo) of the extensometer is one inch, the
Abstract 2
Theoretical Background 2
Equipment & Materials 8
Procedure 9
Data Summary 7
Results 9
Conclusions 10
Sources of Error 12
Safety 12
References 13
Signatures 13
Table of Figures
Figure 1: Stress Strain Diagram for Structural Steel 4
Figure 2: Fractured specimens 8
Abstract In this lab, students will be testing A-36 Steel, 1018 Steel, and 6061 Aluminum undergoing Tensional loads. All tests will be performed on the Instron machine. This experiment will show students how stress-strain graphs correlate to the material properties of each specimen. Students can observe the properties of failure due to tension and further understand the ASTM standards and procedures.
Theoretical Background
Normal Strain: Strain may be defined as a normalized measure of deformation representing the displacement between particles in a sample relative to a known reference length. As a load is applied to the sample (generally a round bar) its change in length can be recorded and compared to its initial length to determine normal strain. In this case, strain is found through the following equation:
Where: Strain is commonly referred to as either tension or compression depending on the direction of the force applied to the sample. Tensile strain generally refers to elongation of a material as a result of a tensile test. Compressive strain refers to the compressing, shortening of a material. In this particular laboratory, tensile strain is to be measured through the application of an Instron and extensometer. In this case, the extensometer is mounted to the different samples in order to determine the extension (L) the sample undergoes during testing. This value is used to directly determine the normal strain (). Since the initial length (Lo) of the extensometer is one inch, the
References: Harris, D. W., & Mattivi, M. (2005). Metals in Tension and Torsion. In Manual for Engineering Materials Laboratory (pp. 55-76). MECHANICS of MATERIALS TESTING LABORATORY Laboratory Assignment Number: __3__ Team Number: __B__ Section Number: __2__ List of Team Members: 1. JA Date 2. DP Date 3. MS Date