Meaning of Scientific Management
Table of Contents
I. Introduction…………………………………………………….Pg. 2
II. Management Theories………………………………………….Pg. 3 - 6
1. Scientific Management…………………………………Pg. 3 & 4
2. Organisational Behaviour ……………………………...Pg. 4 - 6
III. Leadership Styles ……………………………………………...Pg. 6 - 9
1. Contingency Theory……………………………………Pg. 6 & 7
2. Team Leadership……………………………………….Pg. 8 & 9
IV. Quality Control…………………………………………………Pg. 10
1. Total Quality Management (TQM) ……… ……………… Pg. 10 - 12
2. Quality Circle (QC) .Pg. 10 -12……………………………Pg. 12
V. Conclusion………………………………………………….......Pg. 12
VI. References ……………………………………………………...Pg. 13 & 14
I. Introduction
The travel and tourism industry is similar to the other industries which require both educated and skilled managers to run the operations successfully. According to Heinz Weihrich and Harold Koontz ( 1993 ), management can be defined as all the activities and tasks undertaken by one or more persons for the purpose of planning and controlling the activities of others in order to achieve an objective or complete an activity that could not be achieved by the others acting independently.
This assignment will also cover several kinds of management theories and leadership styles. Decision-making, problem solving, conflict and conflict resolution methods are reflected in each management theories and leadership styles respectively. On the second part, the concept of quality control and the use of quality control techniques also will be discussed.
II. Management Theories
1. Scientific Management
The term scientific management is the combination of two words i.e. scientific and management. The word "Scientific" means systematic analytical and objective approach while "management" means getting things done through others. Swati Gupta (2001) In a nutshell, scientific management means the application of principles and methods of science in the field of
I. Introduction…………………………………………………….Pg. 2
II. Management Theories………………………………………….Pg. 3 - 6
1. Scientific Management…………………………………Pg. 3 & 4
2. Organisational Behaviour ……………………………...Pg. 4 - 6
III. Leadership Styles ……………………………………………...Pg. 6 - 9
1. Contingency Theory……………………………………Pg. 6 & 7
2. Team Leadership……………………………………….Pg. 8 & 9
IV. Quality Control…………………………………………………Pg. 10
1. Total Quality Management (TQM) ……… ……………… Pg. 10 - 12
2. Quality Circle (QC) .Pg. 10 -12……………………………Pg. 12
V. Conclusion………………………………………………….......Pg. 12
VI. References ……………………………………………………...Pg. 13 & 14
I. Introduction
The travel and tourism industry is similar to the other industries which require both educated and skilled managers to run the operations successfully. According to Heinz Weihrich and Harold Koontz ( 1993 ), management can be defined as all the activities and tasks undertaken by one or more persons for the purpose of planning and controlling the activities of others in order to achieve an objective or complete an activity that could not be achieved by the others acting independently.
This assignment will also cover several kinds of management theories and leadership styles. Decision-making, problem solving, conflict and conflict resolution methods are reflected in each management theories and leadership styles respectively. On the second part, the concept of quality control and the use of quality control techniques also will be discussed.
II. Management Theories
1. Scientific Management
The term scientific management is the combination of two words i.e. scientific and management. The word "Scientific" means systematic analytical and objective approach while "management" means getting things done through others. Swati Gupta (2001) In a nutshell, scientific management means the application of principles and methods of science in the field of
References: Koontz, H., C. O 'Donnell, and H. Weihrich., 1980 Management, 7th ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, N.Y. Ritzer, George., 2000, The McDonaldization Of Society. Sage Publications Inc. Sheldrake, John., 2003, Management Theory. Second Edition. Thomson Publications SwATI GUPTA., 2001, Meaning, Definition Characteristics and Features Scientific Management, viewed 4th October 2012, Internet Centre for Management and Business Administration., 2002 – 2010, Fredrick Taylor and Scientific Management, viewed 4th October 2012, <http://www.netmba.com/mgmt/scientific/>. Priestley Sean., 2005, Scientific Management in 21st Century, viewed 5th October 2012, <http://www.articlecity.com/articles/business_and_finance/article_4161.shtml>. Delta Publishing Company., 2006, understanding & managing organizational behaviour, viewed 5th October 2012, <http://www.apexcpe.com/publications/471001.pdf>. Boehm, A & L. Howard., 1997, Contingency Theory, viewed 5th October, <http://wweb.uta.edu/projects/sswtech/6371/coursepack/theory-contingency.pdf>. Rouse Margaret., 2011, Quality Control (QC), viewed 6th October, <http://whatis.techtarget.com/definition/quality-control-QC>. Total Quality Engineering INC., 2000 – 2010, Total Quality Management, viewed 6th October, <http://www.tqe.com/TQM.html>. Wirtz Jochen., 2000, Flying High in a Competitive Industry, viewed 6th October, <http://bschool.nus.edu/departments/Marketing/Jochen%20papers/flying%20high.pdf>. Singapore Airlines., 2011 / 2012, Rising above challenges, viewed 6th October, <http://www.singaporeair.com/pdf/Investor-Relations/Annual-Report/annualreport1112.pdf> Houghton Mifflin., 2010, quality circle business definition, viewed 6th October, <http://business.yourdictionary.com/quality-circle>.