Memory
MEMORY- THE INTERFERENCE THEORY
FIZZA LAKHANI
INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY, BAHRIA
UNIVERSITY, KARACHI.
BS-4
Abstract
The aim of this study was to observe the interference theory on different age groups. It was assumed that the recalling of 1st list will be affected by interference of another list, teenagers will recall more nonsense syllables than adults and also participants who performed experiments with distractions will have less correct responses than those who conducted without distractions. 136 participants, collected through convenience and snowball sampling were divided in 2 different conditions, experimental, in which 2nd list was introduced and control, in which no other list was used. Each condition had participants of both age groups; 14-19 and 20-25. 3 word lists of 12 nonsense syllables in each and an aperture were used in this study. Results were found out through percentages. Thus 1st and 3rd hypothesis was proved, while 2nd was disproved.
Keywords: Interference, nonsense syllables, recall, memory
Our memories are usually more or less correct, and if they are not, we’d have a tough go of it through life. However, they are incorrect more often than we might not even think of and sometimes the consequences of incorrect memory are vast and dramatic. Thus, a moment thought convinces us that memory is the most critical yet fundamental process which pervades our lives. It is the most critical mental facility we possess with regard to our ability to operate as humans. We make almost all our decisions based on our memories of one sort or another. It’s not surprising, therefore, that memory is the focus and significance of researches, both in psychology and in biological sciences. Memory, then, is the process of maintaining information over time (Matlin, 2005). Psychologists, today, make three important distinctions related to memory. First, deals with the three stages of memory; encoding, storage and retrieval. Second deals with
FIZZA LAKHANI
INSTITUTE OF PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY, BAHRIA
UNIVERSITY, KARACHI.
BS-4
Abstract
The aim of this study was to observe the interference theory on different age groups. It was assumed that the recalling of 1st list will be affected by interference of another list, teenagers will recall more nonsense syllables than adults and also participants who performed experiments with distractions will have less correct responses than those who conducted without distractions. 136 participants, collected through convenience and snowball sampling were divided in 2 different conditions, experimental, in which 2nd list was introduced and control, in which no other list was used. Each condition had participants of both age groups; 14-19 and 20-25. 3 word lists of 12 nonsense syllables in each and an aperture were used in this study. Results were found out through percentages. Thus 1st and 3rd hypothesis was proved, while 2nd was disproved.
Keywords: Interference, nonsense syllables, recall, memory
Our memories are usually more or less correct, and if they are not, we’d have a tough go of it through life. However, they are incorrect more often than we might not even think of and sometimes the consequences of incorrect memory are vast and dramatic. Thus, a moment thought convinces us that memory is the most critical yet fundamental process which pervades our lives. It is the most critical mental facility we possess with regard to our ability to operate as humans. We make almost all our decisions based on our memories of one sort or another. It’s not surprising, therefore, that memory is the focus and significance of researches, both in psychology and in biological sciences. Memory, then, is the process of maintaining information over time (Matlin, 2005). Psychologists, today, make three important distinctions related to memory. First, deals with the three stages of memory; encoding, storage and retrieval. Second deals with
References: * Baddeley, A.D, Thomson, N, & Buchanan, (1975). Word length and the structure of short term memory. Retreived from: E-Journal of Verbal Learning and Verbal Behaviour, vol: 14, pp 575-589. * Baddeley, A. D, & Logie, R. H. (1999). Working memory: The multiple-component model. In A. Miyake & P. Shah (Eds.), Models of working memory (pp. 28-61). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. * Boulton, Rich (2006), Study on the effect of interference on working memory. Retrieved from http://modox.blogspot.com/2006/05/study-on-effect-of-interference-on.html * Cherry, K * C. M. Siddique, Carl D 'Arcy (1984). Adolescence, stress, and psychological well-being. Retrieved from: E-journal of youth and adolescence, Vol:13, Issue 6, pp 459-473. * H.S Terrace (2002), The Comparative Psychology of Chunking. Retrieved from: E-Journal of animal cognition and sequential behavior. * J * McLeod, S. A. (2008). Forgetting. Retrieved from: http://www.simplypsychology.org/forgetting.html * Murdock, Bennet B * Robert S. Feldman (2006). Memory: R.S, Feldman (Ed:6 ). Understanding psychology ( pp. 196-224). New Delhi, ND: Tata McGraw Hill publishing Hill Limited. * Wesson, K (2012)