Haploid
Diploid
Gamete
Allele
Homozygous
Heterozygous
Dominant
Recessive
Gregor Mendel
Considered to be the father of modern
___________.
Studied patterns of inheritance in _____ plants. His results allowed him to create 3 laws of inheritance.
1. The law of dominance
2. The law of segregation
3. The law of independent assortment
Genetics Key Terms
Genotype: a set of alleles (RR or rr)
Phenotype: physical trait (round or wrinkled)
Punnett Square: A grid system for predicting all possible genotypes
Monohybrid: a cross that examines the inheritance of one trait
Dihybrid: a cross that examines the inheritance of two traits
Genetics Key Terms Continued
Independent assortment: alleles of different genes separate independently of one another
Incomplete dominance: A heterozygous phenotype that is a blend of the two homozygous phenotypes
Codominance: A heterozygous phenotype that equally expresses the traits from both phenotypes
Polygenic traits: A trait that is produced by two or more genes
Sex-linked traits: A trait that is located on a sex chromosome Exceptions to Mendel’s Rules
“Biology is the science where there is an exception to every rule.”
Incomplete Dominance: Shorthorn Cattle
RR = Red
(dominant)
Rr = Roan rr = white
(intermediate)
(recessive)
How could you prove that this is NOT “blending inheritance?”
Codominance: Human Blood Types
Multiple Alleles: Rabbits
wild type (c+)
himalayan (ch) c+ > cch
chinchilla (cch)
albino (c)
> ch > c
Lethal Alleles: Mouse Coat Color
Sex-Linked Traits: R/G Colorblindness
Click the image above to see as a person with colorblindness
Probability
The likelihood or chance that a particular event will happen. It predicts the average number, not the exact number.
Probability= number of ways a specific event can occur number of total possible outcomes
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