Mendle
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C H A P T E R
3
Mendelian Genetics
Gregor Johann Mendel, who in 1866 put forward the major postulates of transmission genetics as a result of experiments with the garden pea.
CHAPTER CONCEPTS
■ Inheritance is governed by information ■ During gamete formation, chromosomes
stored in discrete factors called genes.
■ Genes are transmitted from generation
to generation on vehicles called chromosomes.
■ Chromosomes, which exist in pairs, provide
are distributed according to postulates first described by Gregor Mendel, based on his nineteenth-century research with the garden pea.
■ Mendelian postulates prescribe that
other segregating homologs during gamete formation.
■ Genetic ratios, expressed as probabilities,
are subject to chance deviation and may be evaluated statistically.
■ The analysis of pedigrees allows predictions
the basis of biparental inheritance.
homologous chromosomes segregate from one another and assort independently with
involving the genetic nature of human traits.
38
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3.2
The Monohybrid Cross Reveals How One Trait Is Transmitted from Generation to Generation 39 science for the next 16 years. Mendel received support from the monastery for his studies and research throughout his life. In 1856, Mendel performed his first set of hybridization experiments with the garden pea. The research phase of his career lasted until 1868, when he was elected abbot of the monastery. Although he retained his interest in genetics, his new responsibilities demanded most of his time. In 1884, Mendel died of a kidney disorder. The local newspaper paid him the following tribute: “His death deprives the poor of a benefactor, and mankind at large of a man of the noblest character, one who was a warm friend, a promoter of the natural sciences, and an exemplary priest.” Mendel first reported the results of some simple
10/18/06
1:01 PM
Page 38
C H A P T E R
3
Mendelian Genetics
Gregor Johann Mendel, who in 1866 put forward the major postulates of transmission genetics as a result of experiments with the garden pea.
CHAPTER CONCEPTS
■ Inheritance is governed by information ■ During gamete formation, chromosomes
stored in discrete factors called genes.
■ Genes are transmitted from generation
to generation on vehicles called chromosomes.
■ Chromosomes, which exist in pairs, provide
are distributed according to postulates first described by Gregor Mendel, based on his nineteenth-century research with the garden pea.
■ Mendelian postulates prescribe that
other segregating homologs during gamete formation.
■ Genetic ratios, expressed as probabilities,
are subject to chance deviation and may be evaluated statistically.
■ The analysis of pedigrees allows predictions
the basis of biparental inheritance.
homologous chromosomes segregate from one another and assort independently with
involving the genetic nature of human traits.
38
KLUGMC03_038-060HR
10/18/06
1:01 PM
Page 39
3.2
The Monohybrid Cross Reveals How One Trait Is Transmitted from Generation to Generation 39 science for the next 16 years. Mendel received support from the monastery for his studies and research throughout his life. In 1856, Mendel performed his first set of hybridization experiments with the garden pea. The research phase of his career lasted until 1868, when he was elected abbot of the monastery. Although he retained his interest in genetics, his new responsibilities demanded most of his time. In 1884, Mendel died of a kidney disorder. The local newspaper paid him the following tribute: “His death deprives the poor of a benefactor, and mankind at large of a man of the noblest character, one who was a warm friend, a promoter of the natural sciences, and an exemplary priest.” Mendel first reported the results of some simple