Metals

Metals
Physical Properties of Metals versus Non-metals Properties | Electrical conductivity | Heat conductivity | Melting and Boiling points | Malleability & ductility | Lustre | Metals | Good | Good | High | High | Shiny | Non-metals | Poor | Poor | Low | Low (Brittle) | Dull |

Chemical Properties of Metals versus Non-Metals Properties | Metals | Non- metals | Reaction with oxygen | Form basic or amphoteric oxides | Form acidic or neutral oxides | Ionisation | Lose electrons to form positively charged ions | Gain electrons to form negatively charged ions |

Why are Alloys stronger & harder than pure metals? * Different sizes of atoms * Disruption in the orderly arrangement of atoms * Layers of atoms cannot slide over each other easily

Reactivity of Metals Metals | Reaction with oxygen | Reaction with water | Reaction with steam | Reaction with dilute acid | Reduction of oxides by carbon / carbon monoxide | Reduction of oxides by hydrogen | K | Forms oxides and peroxides | Violent, metal darts on surface of water, hissing sound, sparks formed; Metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas formed. | Very Violent reaction | Very Violent | No reaction (Metals are very reactive and form very stable oxides; A lot of energy is required to overcome the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the ions) | No reaction (Metals are very reactive and form very stable oxides; A lot of energy is required to overcome the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the ions) | Na | | | | | | | Ca | Forms oxides | Metal sinks in water, effervescence seen;Metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas formed. | Violent reaction | Reacts violently to form salt and hydrogen gas | | | Mg | | Very slow reaction, few bubbles on surface of solid; Metal hydroxide and hydrogen gas formed. | Fast reaction, forming oxide and hydrogen gas | Reacts fast to form salt and hydrogen gas | | | Al | | No reaction with water | No reaction due to