Microbial Nutrition
MICROBIAL NUTRITION
Nutrition which is also called as nourishment or aliment is a provision to the cells and organisms with the materials necessary to support life. Here it deals with the nutrition in microorganism which is called as microbial nutrition. Nutrients may be divided into three general, often overlapping categories: Those that supply energy, those that supply carbon, and those that supply any and everything else. In this lecture we will consider nutrition from the point of view of microorganisms, though many of the principles apply to macro organisms equally well. According to Webster nutrition is something that nourishes or promotes growth and repairs the natural wastage of organic life. More specifically, nutrients are elements and specific combinations of elements (chemicals) that specific organisms require for growth and repair. Organisms can be classified according to their nutritional pattern. This, minimally, is where they obtain their energy and where they obtain their carbon. Energy source is the source of high energy electrons used to make ATP.
Conversion of food to energy:
a. Conversion to ATP:
i. To be utilized as energy, an organic compound must first be converted to ATP. ii. This is often done by first metabolically converting the nutrient molecule to a common intermediate, very often glucose (i.e., different catabolic biochemical pathways will terminate in a common product, e.g., glucose, which, in the case of glucose, is always treated as glucose regardless of the source).
b. Energy in bonds:
i. Glucose as well as other foodstuff intermediates contains large amounts of energy in their molecular bonds. ii. This energy may be converted to the high energy bonds found in ATP, by a variety of processes, by different organisms.
Generally these processes by which ATP is generated are referred to as fermentation and cellular respiration.
Other substrates for ATP yielding
Nutrition which is also called as nourishment or aliment is a provision to the cells and organisms with the materials necessary to support life. Here it deals with the nutrition in microorganism which is called as microbial nutrition. Nutrients may be divided into three general, often overlapping categories: Those that supply energy, those that supply carbon, and those that supply any and everything else. In this lecture we will consider nutrition from the point of view of microorganisms, though many of the principles apply to macro organisms equally well. According to Webster nutrition is something that nourishes or promotes growth and repairs the natural wastage of organic life. More specifically, nutrients are elements and specific combinations of elements (chemicals) that specific organisms require for growth and repair. Organisms can be classified according to their nutritional pattern. This, minimally, is where they obtain their energy and where they obtain their carbon. Energy source is the source of high energy electrons used to make ATP.
Conversion of food to energy:
a. Conversion to ATP:
i. To be utilized as energy, an organic compound must first be converted to ATP. ii. This is often done by first metabolically converting the nutrient molecule to a common intermediate, very often glucose (i.e., different catabolic biochemical pathways will terminate in a common product, e.g., glucose, which, in the case of glucose, is always treated as glucose regardless of the source).
b. Energy in bonds:
i. Glucose as well as other foodstuff intermediates contains large amounts of energy in their molecular bonds. ii. This energy may be converted to the high energy bonds found in ATP, by a variety of processes, by different organisms.
Generally these processes by which ATP is generated are referred to as fermentation and cellular respiration.
Other substrates for ATP yielding